It seems nearly anything can make rhythmbox crash, I've always found it buggy.
This crash seems to be something related to ecryptfs but it's hard to say. After re-opening rhythmbox so it sits in the Gnome panel/tray, and letting it load/find all of my songs let's it work again. If I show it too soon (I wait 10-15 minutes for everything to scan first) then it will crash over and over.
[171938.995645] ecryptfs_read_and_validate_header_region: Error reading header region; rc = [-4]
[172093.798666] ecryptfs_read_and_validate_header_region: Error reading header region; rc = [-4]
[172115.621410] rhythmbox[22266]: segfault at 3a6e7773 ip b4c036c7 sp b0207e90 error 4 in libgvfscommon.so.0.0.0[b4bf9000+14000]
[172115.621466] ecryptfs_read_and_validate_header_region: Error reading header region; rc = [-4]
[172136.867625] rhythmbox[22321]: segfault at 3 ip b6824a04 sp aed7ec18 error 4 in libc-2.11.1.so[b67b7000+153000]
rhythmbox, ecryptfs, segfault, crashit, ve, buggy, gnome, panel, scan, ecryptfs_read_and_validate_header_region, header, region, rc, ip, sp, libgvfscommon, bf, aed, ec, libc,