find what MPM Apache is using, it will either be using "worker" or "prefork"
apachectl -l
Compiled in modules:
core.c
prefork.c
http_core.c
mod_so.c
In my case it is "prefork"
vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
Find the section that looks like this (by default one will normally exist for prefork and for worker, but in my case I only care about prefork since prefork is what is compiled in):
# prefork MPM
# StartServers: number of server processes to start
# MinSpareServers: minimum number of server processes which are kept spare
# MaxSpareServers: maximum number of server processes which are kept spare
# ServerLimit: maximum value for MaxClients for the lifetime of the server
# MaxClients: maximum number of server processes allowed to start
# MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves
<IfModule prefork.c>
StartServers 8
MinSpareServers 5
MaxSpareServers 20
ServerLimit 2000
MaxClients 5000
MaxRequestsPerChild 4000
</IfModule>
As some have mentioned the MPM prefork/worker sections are VERY important they affect both stability and performance.
In my case I'm the most concerned because I keep getting the MaxClients error message/hung Apache process without error (where Apache thinks it's running but can't connect and yet most of the time nothing in the debug log shows a problem).
Enable Debug:
Speaking of that you might want to enable this for debugging if you're having the issues I've seen (the crash but even with debug it often won't show the true error)
Add this to your config file: Loglevel debug
Back to the issue, prefork means a new process/server is started for each new connection to the web server.
My new settings:
<IfModule prefork.c>
StartServers 200
MinSpareServers 50
MaxSpareServers 200
ServerLimit 400
MaxClients 1000
MaxRequestsPerChild 0
</IfModule>
WARNING: MaxClients of 1000 exceeds ServerLimit value of 400 servers,
lowering MaxClients to 400. To increase, please see the ServerLimit
directive.
Change ServerLimit to "4000" and restart
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