You might assume you have a bad drive or the SATA interface/cable is bad, or the power supply is bad/weak to the drive. These are all possible issues, but definitely check your SATA cable for "twisting". It is a big issue because until the error stops or times out, your system will not boot (in my case this was the case even though the drive with the issue was not part of the OS or booting process at all).
If you run an open rig that you move around often that has SATA drives literally hanging off it or have messed around in your case too much, check to see if your SATA cables are nice and straight or are they twisted around?
I noticed that the drive that throws the error below was twisted at least 3-5 times around. Once I untwisted it, the error went away and the drive worked fine.
You can see the drive without the error has a "0" value.
188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 100 --- Old_age Always - 0
The drive with the issue has a value of 22:
188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 100 --- Old_age Always - 22
[ 4.339143] kernel: sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#4 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[ 4.339147] kernel: sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#4 Sense Key : Illegal Request [current]
[ 4.339151] kernel: sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#4 Add. Sense: Unaligned write command
[ 4.339155] kernel: sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#4 CDB: Read(10) 28 00 00 00 02 08 00 01 f8 00
[ 4.339160] kernel: blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdb, sector 520 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 57 prio class 0
[ 4.339262] kernel: ata5: EH complete
[ 4.371680] kernel: ata5.00: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x400000 SErr 0x280100 action 0x6 frozen
[ 4.371757] kernel: ata5.00: irq_stat 0x09000000, interface fatal error
[ 4.371825] kernel: ata5: SError: { UnrecovData 10B8B BadCRC }
[ 4.371886] kernel: ata5.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
[ 4.371949] kernel: ata5.00: cmd 60/08:b0:98:02:00/00:00:00:00:00/40 tag 22 ncq dma 4096 in
res 40/00:b4:98:02:00/00:00:00:00:00/40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error)
[ 4.372053] kernel: ata5.00: status: { DRDY }
[ 4.372107] kernel: ata5: hard resetting link
[ 4.687118] kernel: ata5: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300)
[ 4.691046] kernel: ata5.00: configured for UDMA/133
[ 4.691056] kernel: ata5: EH complete
[ 4.727677] kernel: ata5.00: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x780000 SErr 0x280100 action 0x6 frozen
[ 4.727819] kernel: ata5.00: irq_stat 0x08000000, interface fatal error
[ 4.727915] kernel: ata5: SError: { UnrecovData 10B8B BadCRC }
[ 4.728007] kernel: ata5.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
[ 4.728102] kernel: ata5.00: cmd 60/50:98:10:86:e0/00:00:e8:00:00/40 tag 19 ncq dma 40960 in
res 40/00:a4:68:86:e0/00:00:e8:00:00/40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error)
[ 4.728332] kernel: ata5.00: status: { DRDY }
[ 4.728418] kernel: ata5.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
[ 4.728512] kernel: ata5.00: cmd 60/b8:a0:68:86:e0/00:00:e8:00:00/40 tag 20 ncq dma 94208 in
res 40/00:a4:68:86:e0/00:00:e8:00:00/40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error)
[ 4.728743] kernel: ata5.00: status: { DRDY }
[ 4.728828] kernel: ata5.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
[ 4.728922] kernel: ata5.00: cmd 60/80:a8:28:87:e0/00:00:e8:00:00/40 tag 21 ncq dma 65536 in
res 40/00:a4:68:86:e0/00:00:e8:00:00/40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error)
[ 4.729153] kernel: ata5.00: status: { DRDY }
[ 4.729239] kernel: ata5.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
[ 4.729333] kernel: ata5.00: cmd 60/48:b0:b8:87:e0/00:00:e8:00:00/40 tag 22 ncq dma 36864 in
res 40/00:a4:68:86:e0/00:00:e8:00:00/40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error)
[ 4.729563] kernel: ata5.00: status: { DRDY }
[ 4.729650] kernel: ata5: hard resetting link
[ 5.043209] kernel: ata5: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300)
[ 5.047173] kernel: ata5.00: configured for UDMA/133
[ 5.047188] kernel: sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#19 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[ 5.047191] kernel: sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#19 Sense Key : Illegal Request [current]
[ 5.047194] kernel: sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#19 Add. Sense: Unaligned write command
[ 5.047197] kernel: sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#19 CDB: Read(10) 28 00 e8 e0 86 10 00 00 50 00
[ 5.047201] kernel: blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdb, sector 3907028496 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 7 prio class 0
[ 5.047366] kernel: sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#20 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[ 5.047368] kernel: sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#20 Sense Key : Illegal Request [current]
[ 5.047370] kernel: sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#20 Add. Sense: Unaligned write command
[ 5.047372] kernel: sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#20 CDB: Read(10) 28 00 e8 e0 86 68 00 00 b8 00
[ 5.047373] kernel: blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdb, sector 3907028584 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 17 prio class 0
[ 5.047529] kernel: sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#21 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[ 5.047531] kernel: sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#21 Sense Key : Illegal Request [current]
[ 5.047533] kernel: sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#21 Add. Sense: Unaligned write command
[ 5.047534] kernel: sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#21 CDB: Read(10) 28 00 e8 e0 87 28 00 00 80 00
[ 5.047536] kernel: blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdb, sector 3907028776 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 10 prio class 0
[ 5.047735] kernel: sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#22 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
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