40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error) solution

You might assume you have a bad drive or the SATA interface/cable is bad, or the power supply is bad/weak to the drive. These are all possible issues, but definitely check your SATA cable for "twisting". It is a big issue because until the error stops or times out, your system will not boot (in my case this was the case even though the drive with the issue was not part of the OS or booting process at all). If you run an open rig that you move around often that ha........

Proxmox How To Enable Ceph Distributed Storage Cluster with OSD and Pools

How To Install Ceph If you stopped an install of Ceph midway you will need to manually restart it with "pveceph install" Remember that your VM needs to have working internet (gateway) and DNS in order to connect to the apt repo to download all of the packages that Ceph requires. Remember to repeat these steps for each node that you want Ceph on. ........

Linux Mint Dual Boot Install Avoid Wiping our your Main C: drive /dev/sda MBR and EFI

Before you try to install and dual boot it is very important to understand the concept of "what boot mode your BIOS is in" and "what mode you booted the installer to". Then follow the example of Linux Mint (but most Linux installers are very similar)to carefully understand WHERE you are installing your Boot Loader to whether that be MBR or EFI. How Am IBooted? First it's important to check your BIOS to see........

mdadm how to stop a check

Is a mdadm check on your trusty software RAID array happening at the worst time and slowing down your server or NAS? cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] [raid10] md127 : active raid10 sdb4[0] sda4[1] 897500672 blocks super 1.2 2 near-copies [2/2] [UU] [==========>..........] check = 50.4% (452485504/897500672) finish=15500.3min speed=478K/sec ........

mdadm: super0.90 cannot open /dev/sdb1: Device or resource busy mdadm: /dev/sdb1 is not suitable for this array.

mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level 1 --raid-devices 2 /dev/sdb1 missing --metadata=0.90 mdadm: super0.90 cannot open /dev/sdb1: Device or resource busy mdadm: /dev/sdb1 is not suitable for this array. mdadm: create aborted Sometimes running "partprobe" can fix this. Other times it requires a reboot. One other manual thing that can be done is the following to fix it (if dm is using and blocking it):........

OpenVZ vs LXC DIR mode poor security in LXC

It is unfortunate that LXC's dir mode is completely insecure and allows way too much information from the host to be seen. I wonder if there will eventually be a way to break into the host filesystem or other container's storage? OpenVZ better security: [root@ev ~]# cat /proc/mdstat cat: /proc/mdstat: No such file or directory /dev/simfs 843G 740G 61G........

Convert and install to LUKS Encrypted Drive Ubuntu 18.04 19.10 Linux Mint and Debian Based Linux

The reason for doing this is that the installer doesn't seem to work properly for LUKS and the server installer doesn't even support LUKS anymore. When you use the GUI install on Desktop for LUKS it won't boot and will just hang after you enter your password. So the only reliable way is to do it ourselves. 1.) Make a default minimal install of Ubuntu 2.) Have a secondary disk on the server or VM. 3.)........

CentOS 8 how to convert to a bootable mdadm RAID software array

The cool thing here is that we only need 1 drive to make a RAID 10 or RAID 1 array, we just tell the Linux mdadm utility that the other drive is "missing" and we can then add our original drive to the array after booting into our new RAID array. Step#1 Install tools we need yum -y install mdadm rsync Step #2 Create your partitions on the drive that will be our RAID array Here I assume it is /dev........

ADATA USB Thumb Drive Issues

This is the reason that I don't like the new ADATA USB drives such as the UV128/64GB or 128GB drives and other ones that look to be the same style (the green sliding USB connector). They just don't work well from new and never work properly at any point. [ 788.242463] usb 1-1.2: new high-speed USB device number 16 using ehci-pci [ 788.339816] usb 1-1.2: New USB device found, idVendor=125f, idProduct=db8a [ 7........

Wordpress Reset Blog User Password from MySQL Using Linux Bash and not PHPMyadmin

The reason we use the command below is because we need the md5sum value hash of the password. This means that we cannot use the md5sum Change "yournewpass" to the pass you want to set echo -n "yournewpass" | md5sum Then you get the md5sum hash of whatever you entered eg. in this case "yournewpass" 5a9351ed00c7d484486c571e7a78c913 ........

Linux Ubuntu Debian Centos How To Make a Bootable Windows 7, 8, 10, 2016, 2019 Server USB from ISO

Use fdisk on your USB drive to create a bootable NTFS partition (in my case /dev/sdb): sudo fdisk /dev/sdb Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.27.1). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Command (m for help): n Partition type p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)........

Linux How To Disable SATA NCQ For Better Performance

This is the closest way to disabling it without using the "libata.force=noncq" kernel boot option is to set the queue to a depth of 1 which doesn't actually disable it. Change the sdc below to match the device you want to disable NCQ for. [root@officebox ~]# echo "1" > /sys/block/sdc/device/queue_depth Errors that indicate you are having a performance issue are these in messages or dmesg relating to N........

chroot in Linux Howto Simple and Easy Guide

chroot which stands for change root allows you to virtually operate in another operating system even though you haven't booted it. It is commonly used to deploy new distros, applications and to fix a broken Linux/Unix install or prep a new system image without having to physically boot the drive or disk. So in this example let's say we have a drive that has a Linux OS installed on /dev/sdb1 and we have mounted this partition on /mnt/sdb1 The key point is to edit the &quo........

mdadm force resync when resync=PENDING solution

cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid10] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] md127 : active (auto-read-only) raid10 sdc1[0] sdb1[2] 1953382400 blocks super 1.2 512K chunks 2 far-copies [2/1] [U_] resync=PENDING bitmap: 15/15 pages [60KB], 65536KB chunk Solution force repai........

Linux partprobe/partx cannot access last and 4th partition

On a test machine Iwas never able to access to a newly created 4th partiton. As we can see there are dev devices for everything but the 4th partition. The normal "partprobe" or "kpartx" or kernel being told to rescan the block device didn't help (only a reboot did). fdisk -l /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 750.2 GB, 750156374016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 91201 cylinders Units........

mdadm: add new device failed for /dev/sdb4 as 3: Invalid argument solution

mdadm --manage /dev/md125 -a /dev/sdb4 mdadm: add new device failed for /dev/sdb4 as 3: Invalid argument Dec 19 01:23:48 storageboxtest kernel: [ 2328.854491] md: sdb4 does not have a valid v1.2 superblock, not importing! Dec 19 01:23:48 storageboxtest kernel: [ 2328.854499] md: md_import_device returned -22 #zero the superblock and try again! mdadm --zero-superblock /dev/sdb4 mdadm --ma........

VirtualBox How To Add iSCSI Storage using VBoxManage

#to show all VBoxManage list vms #show ONLY running vms VBoxManage list runningvms VBoxManage storageattach test --storagectl "SATA" --port 0 --device 0 --type hdd --medium iscsi --server 192.168.1.91 --target "iqn.2018-12.local.abcrandom.target:sdb" --initiator "iqn.1982-01.ca.bla.tld:abc123" --t........

iSCSI on Centos 7 Configuration and Setup Guide for Initiator and Target

initiator = client target = server These are the first concepts you should understand which is that in iscsi essentially the "initiator" is the client and the "target" is the server. iSCSI is derived from the old fashioned SCSI that us oldtimers grew to love. The "i" stands for Internet and the SCSI stands for "Small Computers Systems Interface" (SCSI). iSCSI Target (Server)Setup targetcli is the pac........

Linux how to copy GPT partition table with dd

The old MBR 512 bytes partition table is no longer valid if you are using GPT. To copy a GPT table with dd to another disk do it like so: Below sda is the source disk and destination disk is sdb (change to meet your needs). Depending on how you use this, you have to be careful. The assumption is that you should only dump the partition table back to a disk you will newly format. If not you'll need to ch........

USB Device/MP3 Player not working properly and can't browse the device filesystem? Check the cable twice and again!

Here is a simple MP3 player and now there's a reason to understand why the supplied cable has some kind of capacitor and is very short. These devices can be VERY finicky and any voltage fluctuation or difference is enough to cause issues. Take for example the error messages from Linux Mint: [804829.895414] usb 1-1: USB disconnect, device number 11 [806961.109030] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 12 using xhci_hcd........

Linux shows my drive as being dead is it really? Buffer I/O error on device sdb, logical block 0 sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00

Normally the below would indicate a failing or failed drive. In this case the SATA port was unplugged and sometimes the Linux kernel/motherboard even with AHCIjust don't play nice and can't handle it. What happened is Iplugged in a new drive after removing another one. However the log shows that after the old drive was plugged in the Linux kernel kept complaining thinking the drive was there but not responding properly. This continued even with reseating........

Migrating from Linux Mint 17.2 mdadm RAID array to a new one (because I upgraded to larger drives).

1.) Replicate the number of partitions in your new drives. gdisk /dev/sda gdisk /dev/sdb I created 3 partitions of the same same size. partition #1: +1G (/boot) partition #2: +60G (swap) partition #3: rest of it (/) #note if you are using GPT/gdisk you need to create separate a partition at least 1MB in size (in my case I would a 4th partition and mark it type ef02).........

bash script Get Model and Serial Number of All Hard Disks in Server on Linux

for disk in `fdisk -l|grep "Disk /dev"|awk '{print $2}'|sed s/://g`; do echo "$disk" && smartctl -d ata -a "$disk" -T permissive|grep -iE 'Device Model:|Serial Number:' echo "---------------" done *Make sure you have smartctl from smartmon tools installed Sample output: /dev/sdc Device Model: ........

mdadm real example of recovery and rebuilding of the array on Centos 6

In this example we have 2 drives in a RAID array and /dev/sdb is the one that failed. /dev/sda1 is also the /boot partition which we tell grub to install on /dev/sdb eg install root (hd0,0) /dev/sda1 on the new drive /dev/sdb (hd1) First copy the partition table from /dev/sda to /dev/sdb dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb bs=512 count=1 Run partprobe to detect the new partition table partprobe........

Centos 6 how to guide convert LVM non-RAID into mdadm 1/10 RAID array live without reinstalling

Here is the scenario you or a client have a remote machine that was installed as a standard/default minimal Centos 6.x machine on a single disk with LVM for whatever reason. Often many people do not know how to install it to a RAID array so it is common to have this problem and why reinstall if you don't need to? In some cases on a remote system you can't easily reinstall without physical or KVM access. So in this case you add a second physical or disk or already ha........

How To Install Linux Mint 17.2 on mdadm RAID with a separate boot partition

Iwas surprised to see that Linux Mint at the latest 17.2 version still has NO mdadm installer option, and worse the installer will not be able to create a proper booting environment even when you do install it. How to setup mdadm in Linux mint LiveCD sudo su apt-get install mdadm # partition as you need and then create your mdadm devices # create your SWAP md0 mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sda1 /d........

status: { DRDY ERR } error: { ICRC ABRT } failed command: WRITE FPDMA QUEUED MCP55 Linux Errors

[ 2868.041375] ata1: EH in SWNCQ mode,QC:qc_active 0x40 sactive 0x40 [ 2868.041554] ata1: SWNCQ:qc_active 0x40 defer_bits 0x0 last_issue_tag 0x6 [ 2868.041556] dhfis 0x40 dmafis 0x40 sdbfis 0x20 [ 2868.041874] ata1: ATA_REG 0x41 ERR_REG 0x84 [ 2868.042013] ata1: tag : dhfis dmafis sdbfis sactive [ 2868.042163] ata1: tag 0x6: 1 1 0 1 [ 2868.042301] ata1.00: exception Emask 0x1 SAct 0x40 SErr 0x400000 action 0x6 frozen [........

mdadm create raid10 array with only 2 drives

mdadm --create /dev/md1 --level 10 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdc2 --layout=f2 --metadata=0.90 Note that layout=f2 or layout=n2 is very important as without it you'll get a complaint like this: mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level 10 --raid-devices /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 missing missing mdadm: invalid number of raid devices: /dev/sdb1 It is basically more like a prop........

How to script fdisk in Linux bash

(echo n; echo p; echo 1; echo 1; echo; echo wq) | fdisk /dev/sdb The above would make a new partition 1 on /dev/sdb and save the changes to disk, you can of course make changes to do almost anything in fdisk.........

LVM Tutorial how to create a Physical Volume (PV), Volume Group (vg), and a Logical Volume (LV) within it

# first we need a physical volume which we use the pvcreate tool to create # I create mine on /dev/sdb3 pvcreate /dev/sdb3 dev_is_mpath: failed to get device for 8:19 Physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully created # pvdisplay shows the newly created volume pvdisplay "/dev/sdb3" is a new physical volume of "1.35 TiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV N........

What a hdd hard drive and mdadm RAID array failure looks like in Linux

[3805108.257042] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 1953525168 512-byte hardware sectors: (1.00 TB/931 GiB) [3805108.257052] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off [3805108.257054] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 [3805108.257066] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA [3805108.257083] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 1953525168 512-byte hardware sectors: (1.00 TB/931 GiB) [3805108.257090] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off........

mdadm how to add additional RAID 1 drives

This is a great way to upgrade your RAID array or move it/copy it to a new set of hard drives. Eg. you have a current RAID 1 array on older/slower drives. Just add at least 1 of the new drives to the array, update grub/install it and then boot into it. Then you have a transparent data migration that is fully synchronized. mdadm --grow /dev/md126 --raid-devices 3 md127 : active raid1 sdc1........

LSI MegaRAID Adventures, Guide and HowTo

LSi Megaraid At first it was configured as a RAID 0, then I deleted the Virtual Disk Group. I thought both drives would be shown and detected in Linux as sda and sdb but it actually shows nothing. To make them work you have to hit Ctrl+R before the system boots (when prompted) and create a Virtual Disk Group. In my case I created each one as RAID 0 (with a single drive only) as I just wanted JBOD but there is no such option or default in these Dell Pe........

WD 20EARX Dead Again

Another new drive bad from the start: Jun 2 15:14:18 one-desktop kernel: [15895.386779] ata2.00: exception Emask 0x50 SAct 0x1 SErr 0x280900 action 0x6 frozen Jun 2 15:14:18 one-desktop kernel: [15895.386782] ata2.00: irq_stat 0x08000000, interface fatal error Jun 2 15:14:18 one-desktop kernel: [15895.386784] ata2: SError: { UnrecovData HostInt 10B8B BadCRC } Jun 2 15:14:18 one-desktop kernel: [15895.386788] ata2.00: cmd 60/0........

mdadm create RAID 1 array example

mdadm --create /dev/md2 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sda3 /dev/sdb3 cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] md2 : active raid1 sdb3[1] sda3[0] 1363020736 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] [=>...................] resync = 8.3% (113597440/1363020736) finish=276.2min speed=75366K/sec ........

mdadm recover from dead drive

mdadm --manage /dev/md3 --add /dev/sda1 cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : inactive sdd2[1] sdd1[2](S) 31270272 blocks md3 : active raid1 sda1[2] sdb1[1] sdc1[3](F) 943730240 blocks [2/1] [_U] [>....................]........

Samsung Galaxy Note ICS Corrupting microSDHC partition table?

This was partitioned as a single 32GB VFAT but when I inserted it into the phone it said that it can't read it and now here is how the partition table looks. Interestingly enough the data works and reads fine from the computer still. Disk /dev/sdb1: 32.1 GB, 32085360640 bytes 64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 30598 cylinders, total 62666720 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum........

mdadm: /dev/sdb1 not large enough to join array solution

mdadm --manage /dev/md1 --add /dev/sdb1 mdadm: metadata format 00.90 unknown, ignored. mdadm: metadata format 00.90 unknown, ignored. mdadm: metadata format 00.90 unknown, ignored. mdadm: /dev/sdb1 not large enough to join array md1's first primary member /dev/sda3 has 57394 cylinders while the /dev/sdb1 has 57393 (1 less cylinder) which is why it won't work. fdisk -l /dev/sda3 Disk /dev/sda3: 47........

mdadm how to add a device to an array after a failure

This array is a RAID 1 and in this case 1 of the 2 drives failed (a WD drive and I've found them to be the weakest and most unreliable of any brand and are easily damaged/DOA when shipping them). mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --add /dev/sdb1 The above assumes the array you want to add to is /dev/md0 and the device we are adding is /dev/sdb1 *One thing to remember is to make sure the partition you are adding is the correct size for the array. You can also g........

How To Test If Your Hard Drive Is Good/Signs of dying hard drive

I like dd, although it only reads it, usually a read test of the entire disk will uncover if your hard drive is bad in some parts. This is a good thing to do at least once a month, a lot of times bizarre program behavior, laginess and crashing/unnmounting problems etc.. are due to a failing disc and SMART won't know it or indicate a problem: We must also remember there's never a guarantee, I've found that ever since we moved to larger and more platters per drive with 1TB drives........

Hitachi 2TB HDS5C3020ALA632 drive DOA

I had one of these shipped and it was not recognized when plugged in, here's what a dead drive looks like (I assume it's teh circuit board which is dead): ata1: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0) ata1: softreset failed (device not ready) ata1: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300) ata1: link online but device misclassified, retrying ata1: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0) ata1: softreset f........

How to recover from dead DRBD partition/hard drive in two simple commands

This assumes that you've at least created the correct partition for your DRBD already. Notice that I am "diskless", that's because either your DRBD partition doesn't exist/has been renamed (eg. sdb becomes sda when sdb dies and you reboot) or because that drive is really actually dead/gone. *If you need to permanently change the partition/device for your resource be sure to edit /etc/drbd.conf on both hosts and reload the config. (replace r0 with........

Are my WDEARS20 Drives dying already?

This happened during a RAID array check: SMART says both drives pass the test, but I'm doing a long test on them and hopefully this is not a hardware error. Apr 3 04:22:01 remote kernel: md: syncing RAID array md2 Apr 3 04:22:01 remote kernel: md: minimum _guaranteed_ reconstruction speed: 1000 KB/sec/disc. Apr 3 04:22:01 remote kernel: md: using maximum available idle IO bandwidth (but not more than 200000 KB/sec) for reconstruction. Apr........

CPU #1 not responding - cannot use it.

I think this will be useful to others because I have a server that kept crashing mysteriously during intense disk usage/RAID checks. It would only crash during the weekly RAID integrity check. ThenI noticed during a reboot that not all CPUs were being brought up, as a result this actually creates much higher temperatures with the output I got from sensors, just booting the system produced higher than normal temperatures. You can imagine that a full blown RAID check........

updatedb/mdadm caused a kernel panic?

Jan 16 04:02:03 centosbox syslogd 1.4.1: restart. Jan 16 04:07:34 centosbox kernel: INFO: task updatedb:20771 blocked for more than 300 seconds. Jan 16 04:07:34 centosbox kernel: "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message. Jan 16 04:07:34 centosbox kernel: updatedb D F78BE050 6476 20771 20766&n........

md: data-check of RAID array md3

This really made me nervous but notice the mdstat says "check". This is because in Ubuntu there is a scheduled mdadm cronscript that runs everyday on Sunday at 00:57 that checks your entire array. This is a good way because it prevents gradual but unnoticed data corruption which Inever thought of. As long as the check completes properly you have peace of mind knowing that your data integretiy is assured and that your hard drives are functioning properly (I'........

WD EARS Advanced Format Can't be fixed?

There's no partial WD EARS alignment fix: I had data on /dev/sda3 and /dev/sdb3 (RAID1) so I couldn't edit that one. I thought I'd be smart and try fixing the first two partitions so I set the first one starting at sector 2048 and then +8 for the second partition. This has really slowed the performance down worse than it ever was! Disk /dev/sda: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 243201 cylinders, tot........

WD EARS/Green 2TB Cannot Disable Power Saving/Head Parking with hdparm

hdparm -B 255 /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: setting Advanced Power Management level to disabled HDIO_DRIVE_CMD failed: Input/output error The one thing you can do though is to set hdparm spindown time lower (it doesn't seem to work that well). -S set standby (spindown) timeout hdparm -S 251 /dev/sda /dev/sda: setti........

mdadm RAID 1 adventures

I separated the 2 drives in the RAID 1 array. 1 is the old one /dev/sda and is out of date, while the separated other one /dev/sdc was in another drive and mounted and used with more data (updated). I wonder how mdadm will handle this: usb-storage: device scan complete md: md127 stopped. md: bind md: md127: raid array is not clean -- starting background reconstruction raid1: raid set md127 active with 1 out of 2 m........

Ubuntu 10.04/GRUB2 mdadm won't boot

Moving to RAID was a pain. What you have to do is the following from an existing install: Install mdadm Create your mdadm RAID 1 array on your spare hard drive. Start it with the missing disk. rsync the entire contents of your current / to the md partition. Here's a good way of doing it: rsync -Pha --exclude=/proc/* --exclude=/sys/* --exclude=/mnt/* /. /mnt/md2........

mdadm Linux Software RAID QuickStart Guide

Create New RAID 1 Array: First setup your partitions (make sure they are exactly the same size) In my example I have sda3 and sdb3 which are 500GB in size. mdadm --create /dev/md2 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sda3 /dev/sdb3 mdadm: array /dev/md2 started. Check Status Of The Array *Note I already have other arrays md0 and md1. You can see below that md2 is syn........

Local policy does not permit you to log on interactively. - Solution/Fix

For a standalone system the solution is simple, just use the same version of Windows a copy a good version of: C:windowsSecurityDatabasesecedit.sdb from another computer. Then you should be able to login again without getting the nasty message "Local policy does not permit you to log on interactively." Of course you will probably need a way of accessing the filesystem off-line in order to get to it such as a Linux boot disc. Some........

md: kicking non-fresh sda1 from array! - fix/solution

md: Autodetecting RAID arrays. md: autorun ... md: considering sdb1 ... md: adding sdb1 ... md: adding sda1 ... md: created md0 md: bind md: bind md: running: md: kicking non-fresh sda1 from array! md: unbind md: export_rdev(sda1) raid1: raid set md0 active with 1 out of 2 mirrors The md0 raid kicked sda1 ou........

mdadm when a RAID 1 member dies

[27969.398749] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] 3907029168 512-byte hardware sectors (2000399 MB) [27969.398749] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off [27969.398749] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 [27969.398749] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA [27972.117543] ata6.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x1 SErr 0x0 action 0x0 [27972.117543] ata6.00: irq_stat 0x48000000 [27972.117543] ata6.00: cmd 60/08:00:ff:7........

mdadm "auto-read-only" Linux Software RAID solution

If you have the "(auto-read-only)" beside an arrayI have no idea why that happens but it is easy to fix. Just run "mdadm --readwrite /dev/md1" (rename md0 to the device with the problem and it will begin to resync. md1 : active (auto-read-only) raid1 sdb2[0] sda2[1] 19534976 blocks [2/2] [UU] resync=PENDING ........

mdadm: /dev/sda1 is too small: 0K - solution

I was creating a RAID array and got this error: mdadm: /dev/sda1 is too small: 0K mdadm: create aborted Of course sda1 is not too small, both partitions sda1 and sdb1 are identical in size: Disk /dev/sda: 2000.3 GB, 2000398934016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 243201 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Sta........

Why does mdadm have two sets of UUID's?

Which one does the OS care about? blkid says the UUID is "787f1fa4-b010-4d77-a010-795b42884f56" while md insists its UUID is "4d96dd3b:deb5d555:7adb93cb:ce9182d9" When in doubt, do we assume the OS takes the one from blkid? /dev/md0: UUID="787f1fa4-b010-4d77-a010-795b42884f56" TYPE="ext3" [root@localhost ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md0 /dev/md0: Version : 0.90 &........

mdadm force/fix proper md127 name

I have an md0 arary that my Centos install refers to. I feel this is half the reason why it won't boot anymore. I saw the initrd for Centos was assembling it as md127 even though it was known as md0. The reason for this is because I used mdadm --assemble --scan to detect the array on a LiveCD. I had no idea this name would stick (but now I realize the name is permanently stored in the metadata once you mount md127 or whatever random name assemble gives it). W........

Debian 5.04 RAID 1 mdadm boot problem GRUB error

I successfully created a single RAID 1 partition which includes /boot inside it and my root directory through the Debian installer. It said GRUB installed successfully but when I try booting the OS it seems GRUB can't read anything. When trying to boot from GRUB GRUB Loading stage 1.5. GRUB loading, please wait... Error 2 I get "Error 2" when trying to boot Debian. I also notice from a LiveCD that........

mdadm Linux Software RAID auto-detect and assemble RAID Array

mdadm --assemble --scan mdadm: /dev/md/diaghost05102010:2 has been started with 2 drives. mdadm: /dev/md/diaghost05102010:1 has been started with 2 drives. mdadm: /dev/md/diaghost05102010:0 has been started with 2 drives. -bash-3.1# cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [multipath] md125 : active raid1 sda1[0] sdb1[1] 14658185 blocks super 1.2........

rsync ERROR: sdb2/backup.r18 failed verification -- update retained.

ERROR: sdb2/backup.r18 failed verification -- update retained. This happened when Iwas rsyncing a dying hard drive, a lot of people seem to report this as an error with rsync itself but I don't think rsync is the issue at all. I know the source hard drive was bad, it was having all kinds of timeout, seek, hardware ECC recovered and reset errors. The only time something else could be the problem is if the data is being corrupted in transit, perhaps through........

Seagate Drive 500GB Drive Dying

This drive is clearly on the way out, the Kernel knows it but I'm surprised that SMART is not concerned. I didn't blame Seagate for their past issues until now. This hard drive has hardly been used and has not even been powered on for a year according to SMART. Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/ === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Model Family: Seagate Barracuda 7200.11 Device........

Seagate 7200.11 firmware defect in 500GB, 1000GB (1TB) and 1500GB (1.5TB) Hard Drives

Seagate Inventory/Firmware Check I heard about this issue a long time ago but never looked into it. I figured I wasn't affected since my 500GB drives were running for so long. I've been using Seagate's since 2002 and to this day all of the drives I have are alive from Seagate. *Update the bad news is that I realize one of my 500GB's is about to die, it's not even a year old, but is also not affected by the recall according to Seagate! Seagate Inventory/Firm........

Convert HDD/Hard Drive Partition(s) into non-RAID into RAID 1 using existing data without data loss and without reformatting.

Before we start I take no responsibility for this, you should have a backup and if you make a mistake during this process you could wipe out all of your data. So backup somewhere else before starting this as a precaution, or make sure it's data you could afford to lose. The RAID 1 Setup (Hardware Wise) I've already setup my 2 x 1TB (Seagate) drives with identical partitions, make sure your new hard drive (the empty one) is setup like your curr........

Monitor MB/s Disk IO Usage/Bandwidth - Use iostat from the sysstat Package

The binary "iostat" comes from the package "sysstat" and is available on all Linux/Unix like platforms. Use the "-m" option to give you what you probably want, which is to see in MB/s how much bandwidth each disk is doing. iostat -m Linux 2.6.24.2 ((none)) 04/16/10 avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle ........

auth/auth_util.c:make_server_info_sam(840) User nobody in passdb, but getpwnam() fails! - SAMBA/SMB Error How To Fix

auth/auth_util.c:make_server_info_sam(840) User nobody in passdb, but getpwnam() fails! I never found the solution to this in the web, as usual so Ithought I'd post the fix. In plain English smbd is telling us that the user "nobody" does not exist in /etc/passwd. You can simply add this to your /etc/passwd file like so: nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/sbin/nologin Now SAMBA/smbd should........