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    Many times just doing an update-grub may find Windows and add it to grub, but a lot of times it won't. Create Windows in a custom grub entry like below: sudo vi /etc/grub.d/40_custom menuentry "Windows 10" { set root='(hd0,0)' chainloader + 1 } Change Windows 10 to whatever you want to call it. For example if it was for Windows 11 you'd probably want to ca........
  • How to configure OpenDKIM on Linux with Postfix and setup bind zonefile


    This guide assumes you have a working Postfix server and want it to sign with DKIM. There are a few things we have to understand to make all of this work though, which require you to be familiar with DNS as well. 1.) Install OpenDKIM apt install opendkim systemctl enable opendkim 2.) Edit /etc/opendkim.conf Syslog yes SyslogSuccess yes Mode&nbs........
  • Debian Ubuntu 10/11/12 Linux how to get tftpd-hpa server setup tutorial


    apt install tftpd-hpa #change TFTP_ADDRESS to by setting address to 192.168.1.1:69 or the IP you need, otherwise it will listen on all IPs and interfaces which could be a security risk. # edit /etc/default/tftpd-hpa TFTP_USERNAME="tftp" TFTP_DIRECTORY="/srv/tftp" TFTP_ADDRESS="192.168.1.1:69" TFTP_OPTIONS="--secure"........
  • efibootmgr: option requires an argument -- 'd' efibootmgr version 15 grub-install.real: error: efibootmgr failed to register the boot entry: Operation not permitted.


    This sometimes happens when trying to install the EFIversion of grub to a device when you are booted into Legacy/MBR mode. It doesn't seem to occur on all machines, but some and seems somewhat BIOS dependent. grub-install --target=x86_64-efi /dev/sda Installing for x86_64-efi platform. grub-install.real: warning: Couldn't find physical volume `(null)'. Some modules may be missing from core image.. grub-install.real: warning: Couldn't find physica........
  • Apache Error Won't start SSL Cert Issue Solution Unable to configure verify locations for client authentication SSL Library Error: 151441510 error:0906D066:PEM routines:PEM_read_bio:bad end line SSL Library Error: 185090057 error:0B084009:x509 certif


    [Wed Nov 01 18:47:08 2023] [error] Unable to configure verify locations for client authentication [Wed Nov 01 18:47:08 2023] [error] SSL Library Error: 151441510 error:0906D066:PEM routines:PEM_read_bio:bad end line [Wed Nov 01 18:47:08 2023] [error] SSL Library Error: 185090057 error:0B084009:x509 certificate routines:X509_load_cert_crl_file:PEM lib It actually gives us a good clue that at last one component of our cert is invalid/improperl........
  • Linux Debian Mint Ubuntu Bridge br0 gets random IP


    This can break things easily in remove environments where it was normally easy to convert a normal eth0 to a bridge under br0, and that bridge would normally have the same MAC address by default, which is desirable for most situations. In Debian 11 this is different for some reason now. https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/681013/bridge-gets-random-mac-........
  • redis requirements


    sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1 echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled echo 511 > /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn 1:M 26 Nov 2023 21:34:33.840 # WARNING: The TCP backlog setting of 511 cannot be enforced because /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn is set to the lower value of 128. 1:M 26 Nov 2023 21:34:33.840 # Server initialized 1:M 26 Nov 2023 21:34:33.840 # WARNING overcommit_memory is set to 0! Background sa........
  • How to kill a docker swarm


    Assign way more replicas than you have of memory on all nodes and watch the Swarm crash which can easily reproduce in a small VMfor testing. root@Deb11Docker01:~# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAM........
  • docker swarm silly issues


    The error below can be caused by a gateway that is unpingable: docker swarm join --token SWMTKN-1-1kogg8da68gtb1j7ezaddowyy9s0an5s9tue758o20k18liskw-5h3f61hrrmv3u6agshvbtcklf 172.16.1.80:2377 Error response from daemon: manager stopped: can't initialize raft node: rpc error: code = Unknown desc = could not connect to prospective new cluster member using its advertised address: rpc error: code = DeadlineExceeded desc = context deadline exceeded........
  • nvidia cannot resume from sleep Comm: nvidia-sleep.sh Tainted: Linux Ubuntu Mint Debian


    This seems to happen in many different drivers but it happened more often in newer versions such as 530 vs 525. Then nvidia-modeset goes to 100% There are many reports of this appearing since driver 4.70 and I can confirm I've seen this in various machines. https://forums.de........
  • zfs and LUKS how to recover in Linux


    Sometimes users take their removal drives and unplug and replug them to test what happens during the failure of a disk. However, this breaks things quite badly due to the /dev/mapper in LUKS not coming back online due to it not being closed. In other words, generally with non-encrypted drives the process is smooth but when encrypted you may want to follow a strategy like this: We can see below that both disks are unavailable as they were physically remov........
  • [error] (28)No space left on device: Cannot create SSLMutex Apache Solution Linux CentOS Ubuntu Debian Mint


    Have you got this error from Apache? [notice] suEXEC mechanism enabled (wrapper: /usr/sbin/suexec) [error] (28)No space left on device: Cannot create SSLMutex At first glance it appears that you may be out of disk space but the issue is ipc or interprocess communication. This will clear out the ipcs processes so things can work, this often happens during high traffic and may be a sign of DDOS. The command below will fix it, it will list al........
  • Save money on bandwidth by disabling reflective rpc queries in Linux CentOS RHEL Ubuntu Debian


    Even today we see a lot of servers that have different services and ports open for rpc and this creates not only potential inward vulnerabilities but perhaps more common, the abuse of your network resources in reflective rpc queries. To stop this problem, you should disable and remove all services relating to rpc or at least block all relevant ports for the service. Surprisingly, there are still some providers and OS installs in Linux that install these services and leave them........
  • How to access a disk with bad superblock Linux Ubuntu Debian Redhat CentOS ext3 ext4


    Have you ever tried mounting a partition that you exists but you get this error? mount: /mnt: can't read superblock on /dev/sda1. The superblock in this example was bad because the physical disk had corruption and bad blocks/sectors. However, the data was generally accessible and you can always try this trick below (with caution and no warranty). This is specifically for filesystems that place superblocks in multiple locations, which........
  • docker error not supported as upperdir failed to start daemon: error initializing graphdriver: driver not supported


    Nov 15 17:00:49 rttbox kernel: overlayfs: filesystem on '/var/lib/docker/overlay2/check-overlayfs-support450709549/upper' not supported as upperdir Nov 15 17:00:49 rttbox dockerd[93755]: failed to start daemon: error initializing graphdriver: driver not supported The above error is often/normally caused because you are trying to run docker out of an unsuitable directory/filesystem. For example if you try to place docker's data inside an existing overl........
  • File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/_internal/utils/entrypoints.py", line 12 f"pip{sys.version_info.major}", ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax python pip3 error solution


    Is python3-pip pip3 not working anymore? Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pip3", line 11, in sys.exit(main()) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/__init__.py", line 11, in main from pip._internal.utils.entrypoints import _wrapper File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/_interna........
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    [ 0.206301] [Firmware Bug]: TSC_DEADLINE disabled due to Errata; please update microcode to version: 0x3a (or later) [ 0.430409] MDS: Vulnerable: Clear CPU buffers attempted, no microcode [ 0.430411] MMIO Stale Data: Vulnerable: Clear CPU buffers attempted, no microcode [ 2.980359] microcode: sig=0x306f2, pf=0x1, revision=0x36 [ 2.981621] microcode: Microcode Update Driv........
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    Some people find it less than intuitive to do on DNSMasq and by default DNSMasq is available on 0.0.0.0 which could even be your LAN or Public IP. Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp ........
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    If you have du, you may want to check your bill, as you can read about a longstanding issue with fraudulent charges showing up and many users claiming they did not subscribe or solicit those offers. These don't normally show up on new accounts, but they seem to target established users and maybe even users they suspect are not watching their phone or bills, while they are on vacation. These charges can frighteningly happen with 0 interaction from the user despite what........
  • Docker Swarm vs Kubernetes Comparison Guide


    A lot of companies are unsure which solution to choose and many may not be aware of Docker Swarm as an alternative to Kubernetes. One thing that many Sysadmins find is that Docker Swarm is simply easier, quicker to setup and maintain by far than Kubernetes.........
  • When is it time to leave your VPS/VDS Cloud Hosting Provider?


    When Is It Time to Leave Your VPS, VDS, and Dedicated Server Provider? Choosing the right hosting solution—be it Virtu........
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    In today’s digital landscape, finding a reliable and secure Virtual Private Server (VPS) or Virtual Dedicated Server (VDS) goes beyond just comparing specs and prices. With increasing concerns over data privacy, security breaches, and government surveillance, the wisdom of choosing your VPS/VDS provider based on juri........
  • Postfix / sendmail config for DKIM, SPF and DMARC Tutorial Guide E-mail Delivery for Hotmail.com Gmail.com and More HowTo


    This will be the goto to help solve e-mail delivery issues and talk about many practical issues that happen between developers, admins and scripts that send e-mail and do things that may not be acceptable or cause deliverability problems. Sendmail Stuff Edit /etc/mail/sendmail.mc The problem is that if you send directly out from the server using the mail function, the Return-path of the e-mails will be username@thehostnameoftheserver.com. Let........
  • Install Grafana on Linux Debian Ubuntu Tutorial Guide


    First we need a few extra packages: apt update apt install -y adduser libfontconfig1 musl sudo wget https://dl.grafana.com/enterprise/release/grafana-enterprise_10.3.1_amd64.deb Install / Enable Grafana dpkg -i grafana-enterprise_10.3.1_amd64.deb dpkg -i grafana-enterprise_10.3.1_amd64.deb (Reading database ... 44309 files and directories currently installed.) Preparin........
  • How To Completely Disable ufw in Linux Ubuntu Mint Debian


    This is for the situation that you're doing other things that may conflict or have your own custom rules and ufw keeps overriding iptables. A lot of guides don't work, and even ufw reset does not work, because it still leaves the old ufw chains. Here is what works to disable ufw completely systemctl stop ufw systemctl disable ufw ufw disable rm -f /et........
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    Normally syntax highlighting is the default behavior. You can enable it manually by hitting :syntax on But normally you'll have this error because of the missing package. E319: Sorry, the command is not available in this version Solution install the vim-gui-common package: apt install vim-gui-common After that you should find that the code is highli........
  • Proxmox How To Rename Node Hostname Fix Solution


    Proxmox's documentation shows the following here. Which mainly just says change /etc/hosts and /etc/hostname with your new hostname. Here's what happens if you only do that: If you just do the above, you will find you have an inaccessible original hostname that contains those VMs and you cannot........
  • Linux how to get list of all timezones on system Ubuntu


    find /usr/share/zoneinfo/|sed s#"/usr/share/zoneinfo/"##g|grep "/"|grep -v posix|grep -v ^"Etc/"|grep -v ^right|grep -v ^"SystemV" Africa/Addis_Ababa Africa/Abidjan Africa/Blantyre Africa/Lusaka Africa/Casablanca Africa/Libreville Africa/Asmara Africa/Bujumbura Africa/Dakar Africa/Lagos Africa/Malabo Africa/Harare Africa/Kigali........
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    If you are using a hypervisor to test Proxmox (eg. Vbox) then changing the video card/display adapter can fix it. For example VboxSVGA causes the issue but switching to VMSVGA fixes it. For example VboxSVGA causes the issue but switching to VMSVGA fixes it. ........
  • configure.ac:75: error: possibly undefined macro: AC_PROG_LIBTOOL If this token and others are legitimate, please use m4_pattern_allow. See the Autoconf documentation. solution


    configure.ac:75: error: possibly undefined macro: AC_PROG_LIBTOOL If this token and others are legitimate, please use m4_pattern_allow. See the Autoconf documentation. autoreconf: /usr/bin/autoconf failed with exit status: 1 make: *** [/software/pixman/configure] Error 1 make: *** Deleting file `/software/pixman/configure' yum install libtool........
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    autoreconf: Entering directory `.' autoreconf: configure.ac: not using Gettext autoreconf: running: aclocal --output=aclocal.m4t Can't exec "aclocal": No such file or directory at /usr/share/autoconf/Autom4te/FileUtils.pm line 326. autoreconf: failed to run aclocal: No such file or directory make: *** [/software/pixman/configure] Error 1 Just install automake: yum install automake........
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    This means the autoconf package is not installed, so we'll install it: /bin/sh: autoreconf: command not found yum install autoconf On Debian apt install autoconf........
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    ./configure glib-2.0 required to compile QEMU yum install glib2 glib2-devel or on Debian/Ubuntu based: apt install libglib2 libglib2-dev........
  • How To Upgrade Debian 8,9,10 to Debian 12 Bookworm


    Step 1.) Upgrade to Debian 11 first The process to go to Debian 12 is not as smooth as 11, when trying to upgrade from Debian 10. In fact, it doesn't work directly, so you'll first need to follow this guide to update to Debian 11, reboot and come back here if successful. Step 2.) Update sources.list Update your /etc/apt/sources.list like this: deb http://........
  • Linux dhcp dhclient Mint Redhat Ubuntu Debian How To Use Local Domain DNS Server Instead of ISPs


    If you are running a local DNS server like named/bind and don't want to use the ISPsupplied DNS servers that are announced via a DHCP request (using dhclient) then the solution is simple. The reason should be obvious, but normally running your own DNS server will provide a more reliable, and fast DNS response and you won't have to worry about filtering as much (unless your upstream filters or proxies outgoing DNS requests). Edit /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf........
  • Docker dockerd swarm high CPU usage cause solution


    If you have swarm services and dockerd is creating a high load even with the containers just being idle, the easiest solution is to upgrade to a newer docker version. For example an identical config of 3 nodes, with Redis 5 with 30 replicas produces a load of about 1.45 in Debian 10 with Docker18.09.1 If I create the same setup on Debian 11, with Docker 20.10.5+dfsg1 then the CPU usage is low. One other difference I wondered is the kernel. In my test setup........
  • apache2 httpd apache server will not start [pid 22449:tid 139972160445760] AH00052: child pid 23248 exit signal Aborted (6) solution Mint Debian Ubuntu Redhat


    If you get this error, it is often because you have configured Apache with modules that weren't actually installed. Eg. you try to load the PHPmodule but didn't actually install the apache2 php module, so the server can't start. In general, this error can often be caused by issues with problematic modules and/or Apache being configured for modules that have not actually be installed (eg. libapache2-mod-php) is missing. The above results in this less than obv........
  • How to use the FTDI USB serial cable to RJ45 adapter to connect to the console on Cisco/Juniper Switch Router Firewall in Linux Ubuntu Debian Redhat


    This should work for most console ports of other manufacturers too. It is a quick and simple method for emegencies or deploying a few appliances/devices in a non-standard environment or small environment. However, if this is a route thing, or the equipment is not physically close to you, it would be best to use some sort of "Terminal" server which is an IP connected switch with several serial ports built-in for this purpose. Normally they accessible by web/........
  • How To Setup Python3 in Ubuntu Docker Image for AI Deep Learning


    The issue is that Docker images are stripped down, so many tools and even python3 is missing, so you'll have to build or update the actual image yourself. I assume you have started an image with something like this and that you have the Nvidia Toolkit installed (assuming you are using GPUs). If you're not using nvidia just remove --runtime=nvidia --gpus all. docker run -it --runtime=nvidia --gpus all ubuntu bash These works for most images li........
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    Welcome to our in-depth guide on configuring NVIDIA GPUs with Docker on Ubuntu. This post is tailored for developers, data scientists, and IT professionals who are looking to leverage the power of NVIDIA's GPU acceleration within Docker containers. Whether you're working on machine lea........
  • Linux Ubuntu Mint how to check nameservers when /etc/resolv.conf disabled solution


    You'll notice that /etc/resolv.conf contains dire warners on most Linux Desktops. # This file is managed by man:systemd-resolved(8). Do not edit. # # This is a dynamic resolv.conf file for connecting local clients to the # internal DNS stub resolver of systemd-resolved. This file lists all # configured search domains. # # Run "resolvectl status" to see details about the uplink DNS servers # currently in use........
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    This does not seem to be officially documented but makes sense that an overlay on an overlay does not work and is considered an unsupported filesystem as is even NTFS . Some admins/organizations try to use ecyptfs as a simple solution to encrypt the contents of Docker. Instead, you could probably........
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    By default in most newer Windows installs, you will not be able to download files from "Internet" sites and you'll get this error "Your security settings do not allow for this file to be downloaded." Solution to Enable Downloads in IE Internet Explorer 1.) Go to Settings (button) -> Internet options -> Security (tab) 2.) Click "Internet" and then the "Custom Level" button. 3.) Find the following section and set D........
  • Linux How To Upgrade To The Latest Kernel Debian Mint Ubuntu


    How to check what kernel version you have/currently running? uname -rm 5.4.0-91-generic x86_64 The above shows us that we are running 5.4.0-91-generic on the x86_64 architecture. The safest way is to stick with the same flavor eg if you're on generic, and say on kernel 5.4.0 then it makes sense to follow what is below. However, if you are migrating or dual booting between newer hardware (eg. you got a........
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    The passwords are stored in the following locations on Unix/Linux: The directory is usually inside your home like this: ~/.mozilla/firefox logins.json contains the locations, username and password key*.db (usually then name could be key3.db or key4.db) Without the key file you will not see any passwords in Firefox as it is required to in order to decrypt the contents of logins.json........
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    Getting this error "bash: apt-add-repository: command not found"? You need to install the software-properties-common to solve the error: sudo apt-get install software-properties-common........
  • How to upgrade to the latest Python version on Linux Ubuntu Debian Mint 3.11


    A lot of developers want to go to 3.11 because of the speed improvements, but most distros never have the latest Python version. Using the deadsnakes third party repo is the easiest way aside from compiling it yourself (which is safer and recommended): Step 1 - Add the repo apt-add-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa If you get an error about requests then install it:........
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    Check your initramfs if it's missing /dev/null or /dev/console, this is likely the reason. If you want all actual devices to be created you could also enable devtmpfs in your kernel (.config) and mount like this during init: CONFIG_DEVTMPFS=y CONFIG_DEVTMPFS_MOUNT=y mount -t devtmpfs none /dev But note devtmpfs will not create /dev/null or /dev/console for........
  • add bridge failed: Package not installed Linux Bridge Not working Ubuntu Mint Debian solution


    If you get this error in your logs: add bridge failed: Package not installed This error normally means one of two things. 1.) Is your brctl (bridge-utils) installed? On Mint/Debian check for "brctl". If it's not there do sudo apt install bridge-utils uml-utilities 2.) Is your bridge.ko (bridge kernel module loaded?). On some installs I have seen that you cannot modpro........
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    See below in the screenshot that copy is disabled by visual mode which enables automatically: Fix it by setting this .vimrc option: echo "set mouse-=a" >> ~/.vimrc........
  • python3 error Ubuntu Linux error solution SyntaxError: invalid syntax line 12 pip{sys.version_info.major}


    This sort of thing normally happens your python3 or pip3 has been updated, because you have to in order to use pip, but the newer pip now breaks compatibility with your old python (3.5 in this case). There are a few solutions, the easiest is perhaps to upgrade to a newer OS with a newer distro provided Python 3 or to manually install a newer version of Python/OR use a PPA like deadsnakes that provides newer versions. ........
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    You may have a broken apt configure that calls for snap (which is not installed if you get the error below): apt install coreutils Reading state information... Done E: Could not read response to hello message from hook [ ! -f /usr/bin/snap ] || /usr/bin/snap advise-snap --from-apt 2>/dev/null || true: Connection reset by peer E: Could not read message separator line after handshake from [ ! -f /usr/bin/snap ] || /usr/bin/snap advi........
  • -bash: expr: command not found Linux Debian Mint Ubuntu


    If you get this error, it's usually because you don't have coreutils installed. -bash: expr: command not found Install coreutils and you'll be good: apt-get -y install coreutils........
  • How to remove metadata from pdf on Linux Ubuntu


    Install exiftool: apt install exiftool Remove the metadata from "thefile.pdf": exiftool -all= thefile.pdf Warning: [minor] ExifTool PDF edits are reversible. Deleted tags may be recovered! - thefile.pdf 1 image files updated Metadata, in the context of PDFs, refers to a set of data that describes and gives informat........
  • How to install and configure haproxy on Linux Ubuntu Debian


    haproxy is one of the best known and widely used Open Source load balancers out there and a strong competitor to nginx. haproxy is used by many large sites per Wikipedia: HAProxy is used by a number of high-profile websites including GoDaddy, GitHub,........
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    If you are installing ta-lib for Python and get this error then you can normally solve it by manually getting the ta-lib source files and compiling. tar -zxvf ta-lib-0.4.0-src.tar.gz cd ta-lib;./configure;make;make install Collecting ta-lib Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/39/6f/6acaee2eac6afb2cc6a2adcb294080577f9983fbd2726395b9047c4e13ec/TA-Lib-0.4.26.tar.gz (272kB) &nbs........
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    This has been a tried and true method for Windows because it is finicky with hardware changes without a reinstall (eg BSOD on boot is what happens 9/10 times unless you move to the same hardwar). Surprisingly, if you use a QEMU VM and do a standard install, it has worked in every system I've thrown the drive in afterwards. So the play is this, use a USB SSD, physical SATA drive plugged internally or for convenience, you could use a SATA to USB adapter on another computer to perf........
  • vagrant install on Debian Mint Ubuntu Linux RHEL Quick Setup Guide Tutorial


    1 - Install Vagrant apt install vagrant Make sure you have a supported Virtualization tool like Virtualbox or VMWare, Hyper-V etc.. It automatically detects and uses what you have. Virtualbox has a lot of support here with tons of images. 2 - Init Vagrant We'll init to have a Debian 10 box by default to show how quick and easy it is. vagrant init generic/debian10........
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    This seems to have changed for RHEL 8 where a normal dracut to update your initramfs creates a system that only boots for the running kernel. For example if you have Kernel 5 and then chroot into a RHEL 8 variant which uses kernel 4.18, and run dracut, it seems that by default the system will be unbootable. It is also the case that if you move your RAID array or drives to another server that it will be unbootable, because dracut seems to only include modules needed for the curre........
  • How to Upgrade to Debian 11 from Version 8,9,10


    This likely works for even older versions but I have only tested on 8,9,10 (11,12). It's quite impressive at how easy it is to upgrade from a very old version to the new version. I would say that Debian version upgrades are some of the quickest and smoothest of any distro. 1.) Backup your /etc/apt/sources.list cp /etc/apt/sources.list ~ #Get your keys first, you need the latest keys for Debian 11 or it won't work:........
  • Ubuntu Linux Mint Debian Redhat Cannot View Files on Android iPhone USB File Transfer Not Working Solution


    If you plugin your phone to your computer and enable USB File Transfer/Allow on the phone side but the contents of your phone on the computer side are empty in the file manager, you probably don't have mtp-tools.MTP or media transfer protocol is the standard protocol that most phones use to communicate over USB to the computer. Just do this to fix it and get access to your files: apt install mtp-tools After that you should be a........
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    Virtualbox is a very powerful tool, but for some use cases it is less than optimal. Say you are in a work, lab or other environment where you are not alone on the physical network and there could be overlap of IPs, but you need all of your VMs to be contactable from your host, VMs need to communicate with each other, and VMs need internet. NAT Network will give you VM to VM communication and internet, however, it is buggy and unstable. It also doesn't allow host to VM co........
  • debootstrap how to install Ubuntu, Mint, Debian install


    In this example we install debian 10 with --variant=minbase which gives us a minimal/tiny install. Don't use variant if you want the full size install. mkdir /tmp/deb10files debootstrap --variant=minbase buster /tmp/deb10files/ Did you get an error? debootstrap --variant=minbase buster /home/theuser/VMs/deb10files/ You'll get this error if you make a directory in your home........
  • How To Restore Partition Table on Running Linux Mint Ubuntu Debian Machine


    Here is an easy way to restore things if you have the starting point and size of each partition using fdisk: In this example we pretend that /dev/sda was wiped out, but the running system still has the info in /sys/class/block/sda Go into each partition and record the "start" and "size" hostdev@box /sys/class/block/sda/sda1 $ cat start 2048 hostdev@box /sys/class/block/sda/sd........
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    This can be a real pain when automating things and you do an apt install and some packages ask a lot of questions. Make sure you set this variable when running: DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive Remember as well that if chrooting you will want to run like this: DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt install -y yourpackagename ........
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    Remember that control connections are established on port 1723 and then actual data is transferred over GRE protocol 47. If you have a NAT setup this will work without special forwarding or accepting of GRE packets (normally if you are not blocking outgoing connections and accepting established and related connections). The below two commands will get things going so PPTP and GRE work We first load the ip_nat_pptp module which allows PPTP to work with........
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    Have you checked your router/firewall logs and disconcertingly see connections to an unknown IP207.246.119.209:3478 from your Grandstream VOIPphones? You're not alone and the Grandstream forums have discussed this issue. However, even their own staff d........
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    Are you new to the company, datacenter or a third party who is responsible for deploying a fleet of servers from scratch. The first step is to normally login to the KVM so you can perhaps manually reinstall, PXE boot the Cloud Image or reimage/reinstall an OS but you need access to the KVM/IP or what Dell calls iDRAC. It's common that you may have forgotten this information or that another employee or colleague has changed the info and did not tell you, that they have left the........
  • Nvidia Tesla GPUs K40/K80/M40/P40/P100/V100 at home/desktop hacking, cooling, powering, cable solutions Tutorial AIO Solutions


    Do you have access to some old Tesla GPUs and want to try them at home in your Desktop or old Server? Some people have wanted to try these units for gaming but keep in mind they have no video out port, they were only meant for AI applications such as Deep Learning. The easiest way by far is to choose an AIservice that has everything ready to go, perhaps with a bunch of Docker or Kubernetes containers. This can be done with Cloud services like Google, Amazon and many........
  • Stop ls in Linux Debian Mint CentOS Ubuntu from applying quotes around filenames and directory names


    Later versions of ls try to be helpful and smart to prevent errors in dealing with files with spaces that were tradtionally a pain. However if you need the raw/real filenames, this can break scripts or if you are pasting into a csv etc.... How do you make ls not add the quotes? Add the capital "-N" switch ls -N You could also add an alias to make it more permanent Do this to add it to ~/........
  • Ubuntu Debian Mint Linux How To Update Initramfs Manually update-initramfs


    The easiest way for the current running kernel is: update-initramfs -u -k `uname -r` You could change -k to a specific kernel name if for some reason the current is not running (eg. if you are chrooted or in recovery mode). If you want to update all kernels then use "-k all" update-initramfs -k all -u update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-162-generic........
  • Enable Turbo Mode for CPU Ubuntu Linux Mint Debian Redhat


    Sometimes due to your BIOS/EFI you may find that you have chosen "Energy Efficient" for your CPU which may effectively disable turbo mode. This is because "Energy Efficient" will often restrict or throttle your CPU to the base speed. This can impact nearly any CPU such as Intel's, AMDs, Opteron, Xeon etc... This is of course frustrating, for example if you have a CPU that is 2.0GHz base speed but turbo to 2.5GHz, you will never hit more than 2GHz.........
  • docker / kubernetes breaks Proxmox QEMU KVM Bridge VMs


    Docker adds iptables rules that break a lot of things including MASQUERADE or anything that needs the FORWARD table. If NAT is not working after Docker installation, it is probably because it set the iptables FORWARD policy to DROP. This may also make you think that your br0 or bridge is not working, but it's likely just due to what we'll mention later on below, that, Docker probably set your FORWARD chain to default DROP all packets, so nothing on your bridge ever makes it out........
  • RTL8812BU and RTL8822BU Linux Driver Ubuntu Setup Archer T3U Plus


    PCIID 2357:0138 First install your kernel headers/source: sudo apt install linux-headers-`uname -r` 1.) Clone this git repo git clone https://github.com/morrownr/88x2bu-20210702 2.) Run the install cd 88x2bu-20210702 ./install-driver.sh 3.) Load the driver mod........
  • Cisco UC CME How To Enable Licensed Features


    Router#show license Index 1 Feature: ipbasek9 Period left: Life time License Type: Permanent License State: Active, In Use License Count: Non-Counted Lic........
  • from pip._internal.cli.main import main File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/_internal/cli/main.py", line 60 sys.stderr.write(f"ERROR: {exc}") from pip._internal.cli.main import main File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packag


    Solution for python pip3 not working anymore from pip._internal.cli.main import main File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/_internal/cli/main.py", line 60 sys.stderr.write(f"ERROR: {exc}") wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/pip/3.5/get-pip.py python3 get-pip.py DEPRECATION: Python 3.5 reached the end of its life on September 13th, 20........
  • ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pip._internal' solution python


    pip3 install requests Traceback (most recent call last): File "/home/user/.local/bin/pip3", line 7, in from pip._internal.cli.main import main ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pip._internal' As a quick and temp fix call the OS installed python and not the user .local/bin installed pip3 /usr/bin/pip3 install requests Collecting requests Cache e........
  • grub blank screen how to manually boot kernel and initrd Linux Ubuntu Debian Centos won't boot solution


    You probably didn't do an "update-grub" and grub no longer has any proper menu entries, but before you can fix it let's try to get grub booting anyway. If you get this lovely black grub screen here's how you can get things booting. In my case I have a gpt partition with partition 1 and 2. Partion 1 is just my EFI / ESPand partion 2 /dev/sda2 is my root which includes /boot. You will have to adjust this if you had a separate /boot partition.........
  • Cisco Switch / Router How To Restore Factory Default Settings


    1.) Make sure your conf register is 0x2102 Do show version and at the very end of the output you will see the Configuration register. show version Configuration register is 0x2102 If the config register is not 0x2102 then enter this command: r1#configure terminal r1(config)#config-register 0x2102 r1(config)#end 2.) Let's Erase the NVRAM/flash........
  • Cisco 2900 3900 Router Password Reset How To Reset Enable Password


    It is a bit different and annoying here for these types of routers/models as you need to physically remove the CF (Compact Flash) and only then, will it enter ROMMON mode (Ctrl + Pause remotely over the console will not do it for us). This means you cannot do this remotely, or at least not without the help of a remote/physical helper. Step 1.) Power off, router and remove CF Disk Slot#2 Go to the router and remove the slot#2 cover uses your hand or it may help to use a........
  • How To Install convert MBR Legacy booting GRUB to EFI from a non-EFI Linux Environment Ubuntu Mint Debian


    1.) Create your EFI/ESP Partition If you happen to have some free space on the drive already then this is easy, just create a new partition of at least 100M. The nice thing about the EFI spec is that it must just be in the first 2.2TB of space so for most users, it means you can simply resize the last partition(downsize it by 100M) and then add an EFI partition at the end. For example if you had this partition scheme: /dev/sda1 = /........
  • Translating "cisco" ...domain server (255.255.255.255) Cisco Router/Switch Solution


    If you are in enable mode and make a typo, the router will treat it as a domain name and try to resolve it, and if it can't resolve it, you'll have to wait until it times out. Here's how to solve the Translating domain server error in Cisco Enter this in config mode: no ip domain-lookup Be sure to sav........
  • Error opening tftp://10.0.2.2/network-confg (Permission denied) - How To Fix Cisco Router Switch Error Solution Console


    How To Fix This Cisco Switch/Router Error %Error opening tftp %Error opening tftp://10.0.2.2/network-confg (Permission denied) %Error opening tftp://10.0.2.2/cisconet.cfg (Permission denied) %Error opening tftp://10.0.2.2/router-confg (Permission denied) %Error opening tftp://10.0.2.2/ciscortr.cfg (Permission denied) %Error opening tftp://10.0.2.2/network-confg (Perm........
  • GRUB error: invalid arch-independent ELF magic. Solution How To Fix Linux Centos Ubuntu Mint


    I've seen this bizarrely happen on a newly partitioned and custom installed Linux install, particularly if you did not properly unmount before rebooting. You can find reports of it happening on various How to fix the error: invalid arch-independent ELF magic. You need to boot into Live/Rescue mode, chroot into your OS properly and then do a grub-install on each drive that nee........
  • Centos 7 not mounting /etc/fstab partitions


    If you are doing a custom deployment and image, make sure that when you rsync'd or tar'd that you didn't mess up the symlnk of /etc/mtab to /proc/self/mounts ln --force -s /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab Will fix this........
  • CentOS 7 / 8 cannot boot with with mdadm RAID array solution


    This article about migrating to a CentOS 7 /8 RAID mdadm array has a lot of info but I wanted to focus specifically on what newer versions of CentOS 7 require to boot mdadm and what changes are necessary on CentOS 7.8+ CentOS 7 / 8 mdadm RAID booting requirements This assumes you are chrooting into an existing install or using it to get a new deployment ready. However, these steps can........
  • Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'appstream': Cannot prepare internal mirrorlist: No URLs in mirrorlist Solution for Centos8 yum package install error


    Are you getting this error in CentOS 8 when trying to use yum to install a package? Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'appstream': Cannot prepare internal mirrorlist: No URLs in mirrorlist What we need to do is not use the automatic mirror list and manually set the base URL Solution sed -i 's/mirrorlist/#mirrorlist/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS* sed -i 's%#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org%baseurl=........
  • Linux Mint Ubuntu Ubiquity Installer Bug EFI Installed To Wrong Partition Solution


    Just an FYI that the installer ignores your selection of Boot Loader, as it was intended for MBR/Legacy. The installer horribly, even when choosing "Something Else" and manually partitioning and creating an EFIin your install drive, will still install grub to the first EFI partition it finds, even if you are following a guide like this to avoid wiping out the M........
  • Libreoffice Impress How To Change The Color of Links


    There are lots of wrong answers out there perhaps for much older versions of LibreOffice. Tools -> Options Then under LibreOffice ->Application Colors below. Change the Viisted and Univisted link colors Now you should h........
  • ecryptfs How To Backup / Migrate Linux Mint Ubuntu Debian system ecryptfs properly and restore access


    In this scenario, let's say you want to clone your OS at the filesystem level and the source system (the system you want to clone from) is in use. Doing a blind rsync / is a big problem because it uses twice as much space for no reason. The reason for this is that with ecryptfs you have a /home/.ecryptfs directory which has the actual encrypted versions of your files and folders. However your home directory (eg. /home/someuser) is mounted. Doing the blind rsync will ca........
  • i915 nouveau Nvidia GPU not starting lightdm Xorg failing solution for Could not determine valid watermarks for inherited state


    It may appear to be an Xorg or lightdm/gdm/mdm error but in reality for many users with this issue, it's a driver conflict and issue. I had a system that had two GPUs, an Intel and Nvidia GPU. The only thing that got it working was to remove the nouveau driver and blacklist it so it never came back, then the Intel GPU works fine without these issues. Solution sudo rmmod nouveau add nouveau/other driver to blacklist edit th........
  • amdgpu AMD GPU Xorg Won't Start [3576284.324] (EE) Segmentation fault at address 0x0 [3576284.325] (EE) Fatal server error: [3576284.325] (EE) Caught signal 11 (Segmentation fault). Server aborting


    Here is how Ifixed it on a Mint/Ubuntu install 1.) First download the latest AMDGPU-Pro driver from here: https://www.amd.com/en/support Navigate to your relevant video card: 2.) Download the installer One issue is that by default they give you a version for the latest version of........
  • symbol 'grub_calloc' not found grub boot error solution / fix


    I've encountered this after upgrading some Debian/Ubuntu/Mint based systems for no explicable reason, although there are some bug trackers on Ubuntu that document this: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/grub2/+bug/1889509 The short end of the solution is that you need to properly reinstall grub. 1.) Boot from a LiveCD 2.) Mount your root / filesystem and don't forget to mo........
  • /var/log/journal huge/too large solution in Debian Mint Ubuntu Linux Howot Fix


    Is your /var/log/journal overweight and bloated? For example a decent install of Debian 11 with most applications and services ends up being about 4.9G with the journal taking a few gigs. du -hs /var/log/journal/ 1.3G /var/log/journal/ By default in a lot of distributions there is no maximum size so it will keep growing. This is especially problematic for embedded distributions and devices, but is also a huge waste of sp........
  • RTL8821AU Setup Configure Wifi Realtek 8821 in Linux Debian Mint Ubuntu Howto


    The easiest way for the 8821AU Realtek Wifi chipset / TP-Link T2U Plus: Bus 002 Device 003: ID 2357:0120 TP-Link Archer T2U PLUS [RTL8821AU] First install your kernel headers/source/other required tools: sudo apt install linux-headers-`uname -r` make gcc bc Clone this github repo with the driver: git clone https://github.com/morrownr/8821au-20210708 Run the compile/ins........
  • How To Tell Which Repository a Package Comes From Debian Mint Ubuntu


    Just use apt-cache policy to find the repo of a package: apt-cache policy lxd lxd: Installed: 3.0.3-0ubuntu1~18.04.2 Candidate: 3.0.3-0ubuntu1~18.04.2 Version table: *** 3.0.3-0ubuntu1~18.04.2 500 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 Packages &nb........
  • How To Reload All Kernel Modules And List Required Moduels for Each Device - Linux Mint Debian Ubuntu Troubleshooting


    One easy way is to use lspci -k like this: sudo lspci -k|grep modules|sort -nr|uniq Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel Kernel modules: shpchp Kernel modules: pata_acpi Kernel modules: nvidiafb, nouveau, nvidia_drm, nvidia Kernel modules: mei_me Kernel modules: lpc_ich Kernel module........
  • ssh Too many authentication failures not prompting for password


    If you get this error when trying to SSHto a device or machine and you never even got a password prompt: Too many authentication failures This means that either the remote side is configured for key auth only, OR your client side may be attempting to auth using mulitple keys, and that exceeds the amount of attempted authorizations on the remote ssh server. If the issue is trying to auth too many times which ssh defaults to sending the keys to, you ca........
  • LightDM Mint Ubuntu Debian won't start errors Nvidia Graphics


    This error implies that there may be an issue with Xorg or maybe your NVIDIA GPU cannot start or initialize: 35 laptop kernel: [ 2031.857704] nvidia: loading out-of-tree module taints kernel. 35 laptop kernel: [ 2031.857724] nvidia: module license 'NVIDIA' taints kernel. 35 laptop kernel: [ 2031.857725] Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint 35 laptop kernel: [ 2031.873280] nvidia: module verification failed: signature a........
  • WARNING: Unable to determine the path to install the libglvnd EGL vendor library config files. Check that you have pkg-config and the libglvnd development libraries installed, or specify a path with --glvnd-egl-config-path. Linux Ubuntu Mint Debian E


    If you get an error like this when installing the Nvidia drivers: WARNING: Unable to determine the path to install the libglvnd EGL vendor library config files. Check that you have pkg-config and the libglvnd development libraries installed, or specify a path with --glvnd-egl-config-path. Just install these packages: &nbs........
  • How To Upgrade Linux Mint 18.2 to 18.3 to 19.x and 20.x


    Linux Mint offers an easy and painless upgrade path through the last 3 versions, which means no more reinstalling to stay current with the latest version. The only catch is that you need the latest of each version, so for 18, you need 18.3 before you can go to 19, and then 19.3 (or latest), until you go to 20. However, it's really a small price to pay and on the machines we've tested, the upgrade went seamlessly each time (although sometimes video drivers/custom kernel modules l........
  • MP3s Won't Play / ID3 Version 2.4 Issues in Cars and Other MP3 Players/CDs/DVDs Solution


    ID3 2.4 can cause various MP3 players, especially on vehicles or even computers, not to play or at least not to display the ID3 tags. In many cases though, since ID3 2.4 is much different than version 2.3, it will cause some players, especially in cars like Lexus not to play. Even on the computer, you may notice if you check the properties of the MP3 that it won't open or show any details (eg. frequency, bitrate and ID3 tags). One symptom of this in a vehicle (eg. Leuxs,........
  • How To Do Linux Network Bonding Teaming in Mint Debian Ubuntu


    Bonding is an excellent way to get both increased redundancy and throughput. It is similar to the "Network Teaming" feature in Windows. There are a few different modes but we will use mode 6, I think it's the best of both worlds, as it is not just a failover, but it provides round robin, so you will get redundancy and load balancing. So if you have a 1G single port, you will have a combined throughput of 4G at this point. Just bear in mind that the true thr........
  • LXC Containers LXD How to Install and Configure Tutorial Ubuntu Debian Mint


    If you are using mint, delete the preference that stops snap from installing (as it is required for lxc) sudo rm /etc/apt/preferences.d/nosnap.pref 1. Install lxd: sudo apt install lxd Issues install lxd or errors? Click here Debian at this time does not have lxd so you'll need to use snap: sudo apt in........
  • GlusterFS HowTo Tutorial For Distributed Storage in Docker, Kubernetes, LXC, KVM, Proxmox


    This can be used on almost anything, since Gluster is a userspace tool, based on FUSE. This means that all Gluster appears as to any application is just a directory. Applications don't need specific support for Gluster, so long as you can tell the application to use a certain directory for storage. One application can be for redundant and scaled storage, including for within Docker and Kubernetes, LXC, Proxmox, OpenStack, etc or just your image/web/video files or even da........
  • Ubuntu Mint audio output not working pulseaudio "pulseaudio[13710]: [pulseaudio] sink-input.c: Failed to create sink input: too many inputs per sink."


    If your audio is not working and you got this in your syslog: pulseaudio[13710]: [pulseaudio] sink-input.c: Failed to create sink input: too many inputs per sink. The issue is generally caused by too many audio inputs, or in other words you have too many applications that are hooked into pulseaudio. An easy and notorious offender is by having dozens of Firefox browser tabs open. Solution: Close all of your Firefox and the problem will........
  • How To Enable Linux Swapfile Instead of Partition Ubuntu Mint Debian Centos


    This may be necessary if you have a VM or if for some reason you just want to be more efficient with your space and have the flexibility of changing your swap space at will. What we mean is the ability to use a "swap file" or similar to the Windows "pagefile" that normally resides on the root or c: partition of Windows. Here's all you have to do and then you to can have a single partiton with everything, including the swap file on the root partition if you........
  • 404 Not Found [IP: 151.101.194.132 80] apt update Debian 11 Bullseye Solution The repository 'http://security.debian.org bullseye/updates Release' does not have a Release file.


    This happens during an apt update and is related to an issue with sources.list, which is particularly troubling, if you are doing a "live-build". P: Configuring file /etc/apt/sources.list Hit:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye InRelease Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates InRelease [39.4 kB........
  • WARNING: Can't download daily.cvd from db.local.clamav.net freshclam clamav error solution


    freshclam ClamAV update process started at Sun Mar 20 00:30:50 2022 WARNING: Your ClamAV installation is OUTDATED! WARNING: Local version: 0.100.3 Recommended version: 0.103.5 DON'T PANIC! Read https://www.clamav.net/documents/upgrading-clamav main.cld is up to date (version: 62, sigs: 6647427, f-level: 90, builder: sigmgr) WARNING: getpatch: Can't download daily-26337.cdiff from db.local.clamav.net WARNING:........
  • (firefox:9562): LIBDBUSMENU-GLIB-WARNING **: Unable to get session bus: Failed to execute child process "dbus-launch" (No such file or directory) Solution


    (firefox:9562): LIBDBUSMENU-GLIB-WARNING **: Unable to get session bus: Failed to execute child process "dbus-launch" (No such file or directory) ExceptionHandler::GenerateDump cloned child 9743 ExceptionHandler::WaitForContinueSignal waiting for continue signal... ExceptionHandler::SendContinueSignalToChild sent continue signal to child [Parent 9562, Gecko_IOThread] WARNING: pipe error (40): Connection reset by peer: file /build/firefox-EymEXX/fire........
  • Debian Mint Ubuntu Which Package Provides missing top, ps and w Solution


    Install procps and it will install the other packages you need: apt install procps Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following additional packages will be installed: libgpm2 libncurses6 libprocps7 lsb-base psmisc Suggested packages: gpm The following NEW packages will be ins........
  • Vbox Virtualbox DNS NAT Network Mode NOT working


    There is a random bug that sometimes occurs with Vbox NAT mode DNS, although it has never happened in the past and Vbox was working fine until recently. The symptom is that you can see it does get an IP+ DNS from the Vbox NAT DHCP. Below we use resolvectl dns and verify the DNS server is set to 10.0.2.3 which is the DNS from Vbox NAT. We can ping it but it does not respond to any DNS requests when we use dig @10.0.2.3 realtechtalk.com........
  • Docker Tutorial HowTo Install Docker, Use and Create Docker Container Images Clustering Swarm Mode Monitoring Service Hosting Provider


    The Best Docker Tutorial for Beginners We quickly explain the basic Docker concepts and show you how to do the most common tasks from starting your first container, to making custom images, a Docker Swarm Cluster Tutorial, docker compose and Docker buildfiles.........
  • Zoom Password Error 'That passcode was incorrect' - Solution Wrong Passcode Wrong Meeting Name


    Have you been given a Zoom password that the meeting owner says is correct but it doesn't work anymore or never works? If the meeting name says "Zoom Meeting" and it's not really named that (which most meetings are not), then the issue is usually that there is an initial password to be able to join, aside from the passcode. It basically means that Zoom has deauthenticated you randomly or maybe after X amount of uses, without clicking on the Join Meeting URL which contains a........
  • How To Startup and Open Remote/Local Folder/Directory in Ubuntu Linux Mint automatically upon login


    Just click on the Start Menu and go to "Startup Applications" Then click on the "Add"Button Now enter the command we need to open the folder/directory automatically using the filemanager For remote SSH host (you need pub key auth for it to open without a pa........
  • How To Reset Windows Server Password 2019, 2022, 7, 8, 10, 11 Recovery and Removal Guide Using Linux Ubuntu Mint Debian


    This was done on Mint 20 but works the same on nearly any new Linux, but is only recommended for people comfortable or familiar with Linux. This method will work on almost all versions of Windows from NT, 2000, 2003 Server, 2008 Server, 2012 Server, 2016 Server, 2019 Server, 2022 Server, XP, Vista, 7, 8, 10 and 11. However, if you want the easiest solution to........
  • How To Create OpenVPN Server for Secure Remote Corporate Access in Linux Debian/Mint/Ubuntu with client public key authentication


    Why choose OpenVPN instead of a firewall appliance? OpenVPN can be a reliable and easy replacement for traditional hardware or just be an additional tool that your company uses so that the firewall can focus on its job rather than acting as a VPNappliance at the same time. When comparing OpenVPN with traditional firewal........
  • HongKong VPS Server, Cloud, Dedicated Server, Co-Location, Datacenter The Best Guide on Hong Kong, China Internet IT/Computing


    In our 2024 VPS Server/Cloud Buyer's Guide, we place the location of your VPS/hosting/server as one of the priorities that is often overlooked. 2024 Update - Datacent........
  • ssh-keygen id_rsa private key howto remove the passphrase so no password is required and no encryption is used


    The key is that you need to know the passphrase to do it, if you don't know the password for the key then you can't remove the key since it cannot be decrypted. ssh-keygen is the easiest method and openssl can be used to manually remove the key and output it to a new file, which you can then copy back over top of the encrypted file. After that your public key authentication will work without any password prompt because it is no longer encrypted. Make sure you understand........
  • Package wget is not available, but is referred to by another package. This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or is only available from another source. E: Package 'wget' has no installation candidate. Solution


    These types of errors are normally caused by misconfiguration of your /etc/apt/sources.list. In this example on Debian 10, if you didn't complete the install correctly, you will have no repos enabled and only rely on CDROM. "Package wget is not available, but is referred to by another package. This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or is only available from another source. E: Package 'wget' ha........
  • tag#4 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE tag#4 Sense Key : Illegal Request [current] res 40/00:b4:98:02:00/00:00:00:00:00/40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error) solution


    You might assume you have a bad drive or the SATA interface/cable is bad, or the power supply is bad/weak to the drive. These are all possible issues, but definitely check your SATA cable for "twisting". It is a big issue because until the error stops or times out, your system will not boot (in my case this was the case even though the drive with the issue was not part of the OS or booting process at all). If you run an open rig that you move around often that ha........
  • Wazuh / OSSEC Install and Configuration Howto Tutorial Guide for Monitoring Agents SIEM


    How To Install Wazuh Server / Quickest Installation Wazuh (forked from the well known OSSEC project) is a full SIEM (Security Information Event Management) that works extremely well with the platforms it natively supports as an "Agent", which allows you to do scans of everything such as all processes running, CVE vulnerability check, incident reporting etc... Prerequisites: A lot of issues with Wazuh seem to be caused by i........
  • How to allow SSH root user access in Linux/Debian/Mint/RHEL/Ubuntu/CentOS


    A lot of newer installs will automatically prohibit the root user from logging in directly, for security reasons or they will only allow key based access. If you know what you are doing/don't care about security or have an incredibly secure password for testing, then you can enable it. Edit this file: /etc/ssh/sshd_config Find the following line: PermitRootLogin Set it like this: PermitRootLogin yes Now rest........
  • Ansible Tutorial - Playbook How To Install From Scratch and Deploy LAMP + Wordpress on Remote Server


    1. Let's work from an environment where we can install Ansible on. If you are using an older version of Linux based on Mint 18 or Ubuntu 16, you may want to get the PPA and get the latest version of Ansible that way: sudo apt install gpg sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ansible/ansible sudo apt update........
  • Ceph Install Errors on Proxmox / How To Fix Solution


    This normally happens when you interrupt the install of Ceph: pveceph install update available package list start installation Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done Reading state information... Done gdisk is already the newest version (1.0.6-1.1). ceph-common is already the newest version (15.2.15-pve1). ceph-fuse is already the newest version (15.2.15-pve1). Some package........
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    How To Install Ceph If you stopped an install of Ceph midway you will need to manually restart it with "pveceph install" Remember that your VM needs to have working internet (gateway) and DNS in order to connect to the apt repo to download all of the packages that Ceph requires. Remember to repeat these steps for each node that you want Ceph on. ........
  • pulseaudio issue on QEMU/KVM guest VM when microphone is replugged/unplugged pulseaudio: pa_threaded_mainloop_lock failed pulseaudio: Reason: Invalid argument


    Here is the scenario, you are using QEMU/KVM and are using something like the AC97 sound driver to pass the host audio to the guest via pulseaudio. This is useful because you can transparently pass your mic input from the host which means you can mute your microphone from the host, which prevents the guest from receiving any mic input even if unmuted. Mute / Unmute Fix This issue also seems to happen even if you press the mute button on the microphone and then unmute,........
  • Virtualbox Vbox Issue Cannot Enable Nested Virtualization Button is Grayed/Greyed Out and Unclickable HowTo Solution


    In newer of versions of Virtualbox, especially above 6.0 (eg. 6.1 like the example below), a lot of times the "Enable Nested VT-x/AMD-V". If you are having this issue, you will see the option is grayed out. It doesn't mean that your computer does not support virtualization, although it is possible it is disabled in the BIOS. You can verify........
  • Virtualbox VBOX Howto Port Forward To Guests


    NAT Network, the VMs can communicate but your host cannot access them by default. NAT VMs have internet but cannot communicate with each other. Bridged is simple and allows full LAN access as if you had a physical machine plugged in but is often bad for testing, work or corporate environments and is not very portable when it comes to moving your VMs to other locations and networks. Here is how you can use NAT Ne........
  • Linux Ubuntu Debian Centos Mint - How To Check if Intel VT-x or AMD-V Hardware Virtualization is Enabled?


    From the terminal do this: cat /proc/cpuinfo|grep -E "svm|vmx" You should get output like this(svm = AMD-v and vmx=Intel-VTx): flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqd........
  • Linux Mint 20 cannot install snapd missing solution


    The Linux Mint team has disabled it by setting an apt preference, you can edit or just remove the file: sudo apt install snapd Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Package snapd is not available, but is referred to by another package. This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or is only available from another source........
  • Virtualbox VBOX How To Install Guest-Utils/GuestUtils so drag and drop and clipboard works Ubuntu Mint Debian Linux


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  • How to install Kubernetes with microk8s and deploy apps on Debian/Mint/Ubuntu Linux


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  • Cisco Howto Configure Console Port/Terminal/Comm Server with Async Cable Setup


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  • SSH cannot connect to old servers/devices/switches/routers/Cisco/Juniper Unable to negotiate with 192.168.20.2 port 22: no matching key exchange method found. Their offer: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hell


    A lot of older devices either support telnet or very old SSH keyx algorithms which are insecure and disabled by all newer/modern SSH clients for security reasons. However, sometimes you may be on a LAN via VPNor some other secured network or for whatever reason, absolutely, need to connect to this device and sometimes old/embedded devices may not be possible to update to a newer SSH server. If you run into this you may be using a modern/newer SSH client and get thi........
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  • Cisco Router Password Reset Howto Guide Solution Cannot Login /Unknown Enable Password 2600, 2800, 2900, 3900


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  • Linux Mint / Ubuntu 20 Intel I219 NIC disconnects


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  • Debian, Mint Ubuntu how to remove package and associated config files


    If you want to start fresh a lot of people falsely assume that an apt remove and then reinstall or apt --reinstall install package will start you off fresh. To be sure and remove all associated config files do the below with the example of ssh server (don't remove it though if you actually use it!) The key below is using the --purge flag or apt-get purge proftpd (eg sudo apt --purge remove packagename) apt purge proftpd; apt install proftpd........
  • Linux Grub not booting the intended kernel solution in Debian, Mint, Ubuntu how to specify which kernel to boot by default


    Traditionally kernels were numbered starting from 0 but by default the "new style" of grub boot loading considers each subkernel item to be different so if you have 3 entries for 4.40-148 rather than counting for 1. To get the expected behavior let's show this example and how we can boot it We do a grep on menuentry in /boot/grub/grub.cfg to see all of the bootable kernels rather than scrolling through loads of extra entries we don't care about (thou........
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    yum update Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Setting up Install Process Determining fastest mirrors YumRepo Error: All mirror URLs are not using ftp, http[s] or file. Eg. Invalid release/repo/arch combination/ removing mirrorlist with no valid mirrors: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/6/base/mirrorlist.txt Error: Cannot find a valid baseurl for repo: base You have mail in /var/spool/mail/root ........
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  • Scanner not working in Linux Ubuntu Fedora Mint Debian over the network? Use sane-airscan!


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  • How To Setup a Cisco CME (Cisco Manager Express) Virtual Router under Linux using dynamips and dynagen


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  • Linux Mint Ubuntu Debian CentOS Dual Boot Install Issues


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  • kernel: [549267.368859] mate-terminal[7871]: segfault at 2000000101 ip 00007f5d0a9548f0 sp 00007fff7012c610 error 4 in libgobject-2.0.so.0.4800.2[7f5d0a920000+52000]


    kernel: [549267.368859] mate-terminal[7871]: segfault at 2000000101 ip 00007f5d0a9548f0 sp 00007fff7012c610 error 4 in libgobject-2.0.so.0.4800.2[7f5d0a920000+52000] This seems to be a long-time bug in Mint mate-terminal where you sometimes move or detach a terminal and it crashes losing all of the other open terminal sessions.........
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    It really seems limited in that it can mainly give you the things you would see on the physical unit such as load etc.. wget https://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/apcupsd/apcupsd%20-%20Stable/3.14.14/apcupsd-3.14.14.tar.gz?r=https%3A%2F%2Fsourceforge.net%2Fprojects%2Fapcupsd%2Ffiles%2Flatest%2Fdownload&ts=1598115866 tar -zxvf apcupsd-3.14.14.tar.gz cd apcupsd-3.14.14 [root@somebox apcupsd-3.14.14]# ./conf........
  • How To Password Reset, Recover, Bypass, Remove and Unlock on Windows 10,8,7,Vista,XP,NT,2000,2003,2008,2012,2016,2019 Administrative Login Programs


    If you've come here, don't be embarraassed, working in IT, this is the MOST common computer problem that almost everyone will encounter. The reason why I'm doing this post is because I've seen an increase from colleagues and admins having this problem and many times it's not even your fault. A common scenario is that someone acquires a new or used computer which they weren't given the password for. Fortunately Ihave a detailed list of all the options whether free or pa........
  • Nvidia Ubuntu Linux Screentearing Video with solution driver


    This seems to happen on most if not all Nvidia cards but the good news is that if you are using any of the Linux drivers and have the nvidia-settings tool installed it is just a simple command. Solution: nvidia-settings --assign CurrentMetaMode="nvidia-auto-select +0+0 { ForceFullCompositionPipeline = On }" Enter the above command in your terminal and the screentearing will be fixed which is like enabling Tear Free on AMD cards.&........
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  • Linux Ubuntu Wifi Disabled Only Works When Laptop Plugged Into Wall AC Power


    This is very frustrating but the fix is usually easy once you read this blog. It's very frustrating when you find that your Linux / Ubuntu laptop's wifi will NEVER work unless it is plugged into the power. The wifi menu may say "Wifi disabled by hardware switch". You may find that your laptop has no switch or has a function wifi button on the keyboard but this does not work or have any effect. The cause is usual a "wmi" kernel module and simply doing an........
  • CentOS 6 impossible to compile a newer libguestfs


    yum -y install gcc make gperf genisoimage flex bison ncurses ncurses-devel pcre-devel augeas-devel augeas readline-devel checking for cpio... cpio checking for gperf... no configure: error: gperf must be installed configure: error: Package requirements (augeas >= 1.2.0) were not met: Requested 'augeas >= 1.2.0' but version of augeas is 1.0.0 yum remove augeas augeas-libs augeas-devel wget http://downl........
  • How To Get Started on Ubuntu with gpt-2 OpenAI Text Prediction


    apt install software-properties-common add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa apt update apt install python3-pip apt install python3.7 curl gnupg python3.7-dev git ln -s /usr/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python3 pip3 install numpy keras_preprocessing curl https://bazel.build/bazel-release.pub.gpg | sudo apt-key add - echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://storage.googleapis.com/bazel-apt stable jdk1.8" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bazel........
  • Remove cloud-init in your VM


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  • Linux How To Change NIC Name to eth0 instead of enps33 or enp0s25


    Most newer distros inexplicably cause your NIC to have what Icall "random" non-standard name conventions because of systemd. This is a big problem for many people and especially those running servers. Imagine that you have a static IPconfigured for ens33 but then the hard disk is moved to a newer system, the NIC could be anything from ens33 to enp0s1, meaning that manual intervention is required to go and update the NIC config file (eg. /etc/network/interfa........
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  • Linux Debian Ubuntu How To Install PEPPER Faster and Latest Adobe Flash Player in Firefox


    Just run this apt install command sudo apt install pepperflashplugin-nonfree browser-plugin-freshplayer-pepperflash After this restart your browser and check Adobe's site to verify if your Pepper flash is working and showing at least version 32. https://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player.html As you'll see below it will download the latest version which is currently 32 and this was not possible with the old/crappy deprecated adobe-flash plu........
  • How To Speed Up Linux Ubuntu and Debian Based Computers By Improving CPU Performance and Changing the CPU Governor


    I used to believe that for Desktops especially that the "ondemand" CPUfrequency changing that kernels included with Ubuntu and Debian based distros have would be sufficient for snappy performance. However, you can feel the lack of performance on the fastest computer if you have ondemand. A lot of times even under high load 100% of your CPUfrequency in MHz will not be used. For example a 2.8Ghz CPUmay only run at 1.8MHz or even .9GHz. Now........
  • Linux Mint Ubuntu Debian radeon slow 2D performance issues radeon_dp_aux_transfer_native: 158 callbacks suppressed


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  • How To Install NextCloud on Centos 7 and Centos 8


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    This happens when upgrading to Apache 2.4 from 2.2 or just because you don't have the right permissions set which we'll get into. You need this in the ........
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    There are a few caveats that may not be obvious to everyone so I am going to cover them here but keep this in mind before starting. Before starting install epel or you will be missing tesseract: yum -y install epel-release #1) When you specify your SSL certificate with a full path, it really needs to exist where you tell it to (including the default location of /etc/ssl/certs and /etc/ssl/c........
  • Ubuntu Debian Linux Cannot Install Wine Solution - wine1.6 : Depends: wine1.6-i386 (= 1:1.6.2-0ubuntu14.2) but it is not installable wine1.4 : Depends: wine1.6 but it is not going to be installed


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  • How To Install python 3.4 3.5 and up on Linux with wine - Working Solution


    This is sure simple if you follow the guide but it took a lot of hacking around to make this work on Debian/Ubuntu! Now before you ask why bother running wine and python, the reason is because Python executables are NOT cross-platform. If you run pyinstaller in Linux, that binary will only run on Linux and the same if you do it in Windows. So it is preferable if you have a single environment that you can create Linux and Windows binaries from rather than running 2 separate........
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    The scenario here is that you have some sort of remote headless Linux server but would like to run some programs on them and get graphical access to them. The problem is that the remote server may be an image or VMwithout any virtual GPU and even if so, it is likely without KDE or Gnome, so there's no real way to do this, unless you follow our guide. Install xvfb apt install xvfb Reading package lists... D........
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  • named bind errors - DNSKEY: unable to find a DNSKEY which verifies the DNSKEY RRset and also matches a trusted key for '.'


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    It is unfortunate that LXC's dir mode is completely insecure and allows way too much information from the host to be seen. I wonder if there will eventually be a way to break into the host filesystem or other container's storage? OpenVZ better security: [root@ev ~]# cat /proc/mdstat cat: /proc/mdstat: No such file or directory /dev/simfs 843G 740G 61G........
  • httpd: Syntax error on line 221 of /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf: Syntax error on line 6 of /etc/httpd/conf.d/php.conf: Cannot load modules/libphp5.so into server: /lib64/libresolv.so.2: symbol __h_errno, version GLIBC_PRIVATE not defined in file libc.s


    httpd: Syntax error on line 221 of /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf: Syntax error on line 6 of /etc/httpd/conf.d/php.conf: Cannot load modules/libphp5.so into server: /lib64/libresolv.so.2: symbol __h_errno, version GLIBC_PRIVATE not defined in file libc.so.6 with link time reference This is usually caused by a mismatch in OpenSSLversion. Interestingly enough a lot of times if it has happened during an update of your system, or after, usually just restarting httpd........
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  • Howto Set Static IP on boot in initramfs for dropbear or other purposes NFS, Linux, Debian, Ubuntu, CentOS


    This is only really necessary in the case you don't want DHCP. If you are dealing with an encrypted LUKS server on the internet, you will often want to have a static IP so you know which IP to connect to (or if you have a semi-static IP assigned by DHCP). SET IP Address by /etc/initramfs-tools/initramfs.conf IP Address=192.168.1.27 Gateway=192.168.1.1 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 Hostname=myhome.com IP=192.1........
  • Convert and install to LUKS Encrypted Drive Ubuntu 18.04 19.10 Linux Mint and Debian Based Linux


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    Solution To The Following: yum -y install zlib-devel yum -y install e2fsprogs* *** Cannot find /usr/include/et/com_err.h. (yum install libcom_err-devel) *** Installation didn't pass, halting install. Once requirements are met, run the following to continue the install: cd /usr/local/directadmin/scripts ./install.sh Common pre-install commands: http://help.directadmin.com/it........
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    mdadm --manage /dev/md3 --add /dev/sda1 cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : inactive sdd2[1] sdd1[2](S) 31270272 blocks md3 : active raid1 sda1[2] sdb1[1] sdc1[3](F) 943730240 blocks [2/1] [_U] [>....................]........
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    Here's a proven example of what a bad hard drive can do, it was technically functioning OKin a RAID array but the system became extremely low and the load become high and IOWAIT was even higher and I always thought it was a bad application. The truth is that this failing 1TBHitachi has slowly gotten worse and caused huge slowdowns, (eg. 100% load on Thunderbird waiting for e-mails to load etc..). After swapping it out, tabs change instantly, emails are not lagged, and........
  • Samsung Galaxy Note ICS Corrupting microSDHC partition table?


    This was partitioned as a single 32GB VFAT but when I inserted it into the phone it said that it can't read it and now here is how the partition table looks. Interestingly enough the data works and reads fine from the computer still. Disk /dev/sdb1: 32.1 GB, 32085360640 bytes 64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 30598 cylinders, total 62666720 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum........
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    Failed to open a session for the virtual machine XP. Failed to launch Remote Desktop Extension server (Unknown Status 0x80004005). Disabled remote display: Failed to load VMMR0.r0 (VERR_SUPLIB_OWNER_NOT_ROOT). solution chown root.root /usr/lib/........
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    I have iptable_filter loaded on the hostnode so I don't understand this issue.........
  • Linux OpenOffice Convert .doc/documents to PDF format with unoconv


    Install unoconv unoconv -d document -f pdf file.doc Change "file.doc" to the name of your document. Note you could specify *.doc and it will convert all .doc's in the current directory to pdf which is very handy. unoconv uses the cli from OpenOffice to do this, OpenOffice actually doesn't have an easy way I've found of doing this despite it having the functionality. ........
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    02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 03) For whatever reason it seems the r8169 driver that ships and has shipped with most Linux distros for years is still flawed and does not work properly on these cards, causing 100mbit connectivity when it should be 1gbit and even worse, causing random network dropouts. The r8169 driver in Linux kernels is simply not meant to be used on th........
  • Samsung Galaxy Note Ubuntu Linux USB Connection Error


    This pops up when connecting the phone and it doesn't seem to charge. The phone keeps showing a status message every few seconds "Connected as a media device". It's ridiculous why this phone doesn't just default as a simple USB Mass storage device. Here's what I see in /var/log/messages: Jan 30 18:51:27 QuadCoreAM2 kernel: [18038228.144046] usb 1-3: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 24 Jan 30 18:51:28 QuadCoreAM2 ke........
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    This seems to be a verified bug on KVM with no solution. I wasn't able to get through the installer with Ubuntu 12.04, it would crash while "configuring apt". I was able to install it with Ubuntu 12.10 but it crashes randomly at times. This happens with the latest Centos 6.3 kernel and KVM package, I even compiled the latest version from the KVM website and used that, but the results are still the same. Here's some links to discussion about the bugs:........
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    sensors|head i5k_amb-isa-0000 Adapter: ISA adapter Ch. 0 DIMM 0:+115.0C (low = +127.5C, high = +127.5C) Ch. 0 DIMM 1: +63.5C (low = +127.5C, high = +127.5C) Ch. 0 DIMM 2: +61.0C (low = +127.5C, high = +127.5C) Ch. 1 DIMM 0: +65.0C (low = +127.5C, high = +127.5C) Ch. 1 DIMM 1: +75.0C&........
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    cat | grub --device-map=/dev/null Now pay close to the attention of the beginning. Type: "device (hd0) VPS.img" this is telling what hd0 will be to GRUB and we're telling it the disk image file "VPS.img" in the current directory is hd0, you can specify alternate paths and image names of course. GNU GRUB version 0.97 (640K lower / 3072K upper memory) [ Minimal BASH-li........
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    This booting error is because the Xen PV guest image uses the Xen kernel, this is not compatible with anything but a host running a Xen kernel. I did a kpartx -av virtual.img and then it created some partitions that showed up in fdisk. I mounted it and did a chroot into it and removed the xen kernel and installed a normal kernel but Xen still shows the same kernel in Grub (only the Xen one). This is strange but it seems like this Xen PV guest has some sort of hidden or........
  • Thunderbird Caused Nearly 100% CPU usage with Xorg


    I closed program by program untilI found the culprit, it's baffling how the cause was Thunderbird but then again it does use a lot of memory and I have thousands of messages between dozens of mailboxes. But still I don't think this should happen and Xorg shouldn't allow this either. So for those who have mysteriously high CPUusage from Xorg start closing program by program until you find the culprit. The interesting thing is that after reloading it, the Xor........
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    Inever started these processes but they are from a custom based bootable Linux I've made and I've never seen this behavior on other machines or even with the same machine using different kernels. These processes seemed to spawn on their own and I have no idea why and even worse why the CPU usage is so high? Here's the output from top: 907 extaudit 30 10 0 0 0 R 90.7 0.0........
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    No one needs this feature for the most part, so here's what I added to /etc/dhcpd.conf to fix it: ddns-update-style none;........
  • Startech SV1107IPEXT KVM/IP Review


    Let's keep this simple, it's horrible, not only is the picture quality horrible (it's not a big deal) but the keyboard input is an issue. You have to type slowly, lightly and carefully otherwise 1-keystroke could end up being dozens of keystrokes. It's also a confusing unit for many datacenter techs, I've seen these units hooked up wrong and the instructions themselves aren't clear. I had to resort to shipping one to my office and take my phone pictures of the setup for th........
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    arp -a syst (192.168.1.122) at 21:96:43:3a:62:a2 [ether] on eth0 arp -d 192.168.1.122 If you get an error do: arp -d 192.168.1.122 -i eth0 Sometimes the arp cache just won't clear either, some say it should automatically but there are cases where the above doesn't work. I believe it may be that some network applications are keeping the entry alive but this is just a guess.........
  • Login and download all files script


    This is very handy if you're too busy and don't have time to download whatever files you need. The -D specifies the domains allowed, this is because I specified -H which means foreign hosts are allowed, if you don't restrict them you'll end up going to the whole internet via ads and other links just like a search Engine would follow. -l 0 specifies to go deep, to as many levels as possible/as exist. -e robots=off is important because robots.txt often says you can't vie........
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    This is something I often setup for clients because it's very helpful for people in datacenters, this allows custom OS installs on demand, you can customize it more by using kickstart etc.. but here's a base I use before customizing more: This little script below will install everything you need to get booting by PXE Linux. It also assumes you set a local IP (be sure not to overwrite your existing IP) on eth0:0 (note the :0) as 192.168.1.10 and it........
  • Howto Copy/Backup/Restore All Firefox Settings/Preferences/Addons/Bookmarks to another computer/desktop


    I've used rsync again for this because I found it very simple, I've only excluded the Cache directory since it's not necessary and could be several GB in size. rsync -Phaz --exclude=Cache/* user@remotehost.com:/home/user/.mozilla/firefox/profile.default/* /home/user/.mozilla/firefox/ec1n9opl.default/ This is a great way once again to get going how you were on the old/remote computer fairly quickly. It even restores all of your history in........
  • Thunderbird How-To Copy/Backup/Restore Accounts and Settings to Another Computer


    The best way is to use rsync, I've set it up so it doesn't copy unnecessary files, or at least ones I'm sure aren't needed. Here is the rsync command Iused (adapt to your specific Thunderbird profile location): rsync -hazv user@remotehost.com:/home/user/.thunderbird/sbrer.default/* /home/user/.thunderbird/4nyb0.default/ --exclude=global* --exclude=Cache --exclude=ImapMail --exclude=Mail This is a great way to get your e-mail accounts going on a new c........
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    Here is a quick script that works on most Centos versions to disable the virus/SELinux from blocking basic functionality. The first echo 0 statement disables SELinux instantly but it will still be enabled on reboot. The second line disables it permanently. #!/bin/bash #disable SELinux Immediately echo 0 > /selinux/enforce #disable SELinux Permanently sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config........
  • KVM compilation issue/solution - Disabling PIE due to missing toolchain support glib-2.12 required to compile QEMU


    qemu-kvm-1.2.0]# ./configure Disabling PIE due to missing toolchain support glib-2.12 required to compile QEMU Solution install glib2 *Don't confuse glib2 with glibc, they are different and it may catch some off guard. yum -y install glib2* After that KVM should compile and install just fine.........
  • KVM Windows 7 won't boot Virtual Machine/VM after install solution


    This seems to be common for some reason when trying to run Windows 7 under KVM and 7 has always had strange issues with KVM. What happens for me is after the install it simply won't boot, it stays on the POST screen and does nothing. For some reason it appears the boot sector either doesn't get installed or gets corrupted with KVM. The solution is to boot the install disc for Windows 7 and reinstall the windows MBR into the boot sector: 1. Boot t........
  • KVM/QEMU Base/Template Images and the power they provide


    qemu-img create -b centos.5-8.x86.20120308.qcow2 -f qcow2 ../kvmguests/25000-centos5.8x86.qcow2 Formatting '../kvmguests/25000-centos5.8x86.qcow2', fmt=qcow2, backing_file=centos.5-8.x86.20120308.qcow2, size=10485760 kB -b the source/base image -f format is qcow2 and the location of the destination image What is so special about this? It's even quicker than creating a template with OpenVZ but this is an actual OS. It saves time a........
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    mdadm --manage /dev/md1 --add /dev/sdb1 mdadm: metadata format 00.90 unknown, ignored. mdadm: metadata format 00.90 unknown, ignored. mdadm: metadata format 00.90 unknown, ignored. mdadm: /dev/sdb1 not large enough to join array md1's first primary member /dev/sda3 has 57394 cylinders while the /dev/sdb1 has 57393 (1 less cylinder) which is why it won't work. fdisk -l /dev/sda3 Disk /dev/sda3: 47........
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    This error in my experience is user error although CPanel doesn't help, this message doesn't give you much to go on. Let's talk more about the process of setting up SSL with CPanel. Your site must have a dedicated/non-shared IP to even have the option of creating an SSL Certificate. You must create a Private Key (do not delete this private key!) You must create a CSR (Certificate Signing Request) Use CSR to create cert........
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    The size of the message you are trying to send exceeds a temporary size limit of the server. The message was not sent; try to reduce the message size or wait some time and try again. The server responded: 4.5.3 Error: too many recipients. We set this in main.cf: smtpd_client_recipient_rate_limit=0 We didn't specify it before and the default is said to be 0/unlimited and it still didn't change anything.........
  • Centos 5 and OpenVZ won't boot after kernel install


    For whatever reason the current OpenVZ yum repo file enables the RHEL6 version of OpenVZ, why is this bad? Because if you're running Centos 5 it still defaults to using the kernel from RHEL6 which won't work on RHEL5/Centos 5. Ionly realized this after wondering why I couldn't boot into OpenVZ that it was using one meant for RHEL6. To fix the problem you have to edit /etc/yum.repos.d/openvz.repo and disable the "[openvz-kernel-rhel6]" section by changing........
  • ip_conntrack: table full, dropping packet. solution for Linux RHEL/Centos/Debian


    ip_conntrack: table full, dropping packet. A lot of clients I've seen have this issue, it really seems the default level is way too small. Once this connection tracking table becomes full then packets get dropped which is obviously a bad thing. One thing to be mindful of though is that 350 bytes of memory are used per entry so there is some justification for not keeping it too high. However, if you have multiple servers running or high traffic daemons........
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    A lot of people become nervous (and understandably so) when checking their auth or security logs, in Centos /var/log/secure and see dozens, hundreds of even thousands of attempted logins to various services, especially SSH. Of course you could manually block these people/IPs but no one has time to read the logs like that, what if some program or script could do it for you? This is what denyhosts does for you, it checks the logs and based on a certain number of failed SSH attem........
  • Samsung Galaxy Note Upgrade to ICS 4.0 microSDHC card not detected/dataloss after upgrading - possible solutions


    I backed up everything in the /mnt/sd_card directory thinking that some dataloss could occur for some reason but purposely left my microSDHC unbacked up thinking that "it won't touch that since it's external" and Samsung's and other manufacturers website even say this (that it won't be affected and not to worry etc). Apparently I was wrong, my microSD was "undetected" and asked to be formatted after the upgrade (there goes 3-months worth of family photos). No........
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    This may sound silly but there will be conflicts/issues with the default Centos repository so you have to use a third party like remi (I prefer not to do this but it's the only option unless you migrate your sites/data to another server or can stand some downtime-not an option IMHOon a production server). You may need to upgrade to PHP5.3 to run Joomla or many other reasons. Your host needs to use PHP 5.2.4 or higher to run this version of Jo........
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    The best way I could figure out is to use another guest of some sort to do this, while assigning the disk that needs to be resized to the same guest. So say we have /dev/xvda as the guests drive and we've booted it up. We also have /dev/xvdb (this is going to be the image/disk to be resized). In this case it's based on an ext3/4 image. Run e2fsck on it to ensure there are no filesystem errors. e2fsck /dev/xvdb........
  • Linux Ubuntu/Debian ATI 9902 No Sound Solution on HP G6 Pavilion Laptop


    00:14.2 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] Hudson Azalia Controller (rev 01) 00:01.1 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI Device 9902 Backup your also.conf file cp /usr/share/alsa/alsa.conf /usr/share/alsa/alsa.conf.bk Change all instances of "card 0" to "card 1" (no need to manually do it, this command below does it all instantly and without fail or error:........
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    JFolder::create: Could not create directory Plugin Install: Failed to create directory: This can occur when trying to upload content or when installing themes/templates. It's usually not a permissions issue per say but doing a 777 (which is very insecure) will fix it. But the real problem solution is that the owner of the files is different than the owner of the Apache process/server. Eg. if your Apache is running as user "apache........
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    VBoxManage modifyhd XP.vdi --resize 15000 VBoxManage modifyhd XP.vdi --resize 15000 0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100% That resizes the virtual hard drive image "XP.vdi" to 15000MB instantly. I doubt this is safe to do while the VM is running and I'm not sure if it would attempt it still but turn the VM off first to be safe. I also notice in the VBOX GUI that it still shows the orig........
  • Error code: sec_error_unknown_issuer Solution Valid SSL Certificate Throwing Error in Firefox


    So you've just purchased your SSL cert, renewed it and installed it or maybe you've had it installed and working fine all the time with all other browsers but you've upgraded to a recent version of Firefox and suddenly get the warning "Error code: sec_error_unknown_issuer" error. This is terrible since if you bought an SSL cert, you are most likely using it for trust purposes for your business and obviously that message will scare away most potential customers.........
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    iptables v1.3.5: can't initialize iptables table `nat': Table does not exist (do you need to insmod?) This solution applies to all other iptables modules/problems for OpenVZ, you'll just need to add them to both lists/lines below if you have modules other than what I have below. The modules need to be enabled in both iptables and the OpenVZ hostnode itself and then the containers which need it must be restarted. How To Enable IPTables Modules in OpenVZ........
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    I searched for days after getting my Galaxy Note and couldn't find a way to do this (at least not without buying programs for either Android/Windows). All I read was ways to sync and import the contacts to GMail but I don't want to use GMail for privacy reasons. GMail/Google steal all of your personal information and use it for whatever purposes they want to and may sell or release it to who knows where (I don't care what their policy says but this stuff happens), just like the default........
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    It's really silly how DA doesn't enable SSL by default but is otherwise a stable, fast and secure control panel. Here's a copy and paste way of enabling SSL for Directadmin in just a few seconds: *setup SSL openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:1024 -keyout /usr/local/directadmin/conf/cakey.pem -out /usr/local/directadmin/conf/cacert.pem -days 9999 -nodes That creates the public certificate and private key pair in the location Directadmin expects to fi........
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    [ 12.460014] ata1: SRST failed (errno=-16) [ 17.626677] ata1: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0) [ 22.480011] ata1: SRST failed (errno=-16) [ 27.646681] ata1: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0) [ 38.106817] ata1.01: failed to IDENTIFY (INIT_DEV_PARAMS failed, err_mask=0x80) [ 48.266676] ata1: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0)........
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    I've encountered this problem before and I believe it may affect other drivers (I could test but I don't have time). This was happening on my custom Linux system with the pcnet32 driver. pcnet32: eth0: transmit timed out, status 97fb, resetting (and some other kernel module tracing in dmesg) Basically it means the card is connected (it shows connected in full duplex etc.. and recognized if the cable is disconnected too) but no packets can be sent or received........
  • Directadmin Install Segfault Error


    ************************************* * * * All parts have been installed * *........
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    debug1: An invalid name was supplied Cannot determine realm for numeric host address debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_4.3p2 Debian-9etch3 debug1: An invalid name was supplied Cannot determine realm for numeric host address debug1: An invalid name was supplied A parameter was malformed Validation error Solution, disable auth from the ssh client (this is a client side error)........
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    wget -N http://httpupdate.cpanel.net/latest;sh latest That one command above will do it all (and it takes a long time to install/compile). After that you can access CPanel with your root login information by visiting https://yourdomain-or-ip.com:2087 I personally don't like CPanel (bloated, full of bugs, no shared SSL, difficult to use etc..)but I admit it's easier to install than........
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    I experienced this with CPanel's Exim after an auto-update (a Google of this error produces lots of complaints with few clear solutions). In this case I'll put the solution at the top. Run /scripts/buildeximconf to rebuild the Exim config and it should be fine after that. mail -vs "from test" user@dest.com < .bash_history LOG: MAIN cwd=/root 4 args: send-mail -i -v user@dest.com LOG: MAIN &........
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    I've thought for awhile that Asus has been banking on its years old reputation for quality amongst gamers and enthusiasts and I think I'm right. My Asus VE247H Monitor with a supposed 2MS refresh rate has 1 red/stuck/dead pixel but fortunately it can only be seen on a non-true black picture or against a blue screen. I have several Asus products and find they're all of fairly poor quality. First of all their motherboards have given me the most issues of any brand, they te........
  • Linux Ubuntu Nvidia GT430 Lockups/Errors/Freezes NVRM: os_schedule: Attempted to yield the CPU while in atomic or interrupt context


    I'm running Ubuntu 10.10 with Asus NVIDIA GT430 2.6.35-32-generic-pae #65-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jan 24 14:06:16 UTC 2012 i686 GNU/Linux Nvidia binary driver: 260.19.06 The screen sometimes completely freezes and locks up or everything starts going very slow: [1903398.100007] NVRM: os_schedule: Attempted to yield the CPU while in atomic or interrupt context [1903402.373210] NVRM: Xid (0001:00): 53, CMDre 00000000 00000080 00000000 00000005 00........
  • KVM QEMU and Xen how to mount disk images off-line and access data


    fdisk -lu VPS.img last_lba(): I don't know how to handle files with mode 81ed You must set cylinders. You can do this from the extra functions menu. Disk VPS.img: 0 MB, 0 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 0 cylinders, total 0 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Device Boot Start End ........
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    One of my test Centos 5 containers was on a partition that filled up and it threw all sorts of errors and stopped responding but now I can't boot it again anymore. All the console shows is the Linux Penguin on the top left corner and the xm console says "usbcore: registered new driver hub" and has halted there. Centos 5 Xen container stuck/frozen won't boot on "usbcore: registered new driver hub" Another great way of troubleshooting is booting fro........
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    It sure is annoying when you connect to the console using xm and it locks your shell session. It doesn't really, you just need to know it is "Ctrl + ]" to exit it. Once again to exit an xm console session, press Ctrl + ]........
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    This was very annoying but has a simple fix, I had an echo and the voice quality was absolutely horrible (it sounded like tin cans under water) if that helps describe it. It was extremely distorted. The simple Skype sound quality solution Go to "Options" -> "Sound Devices" Disable the "Allow Skype to automatically set my mixer levels" After doing this the sound qua........
  • Ubuntu 10.04 Flash Videos have tearing/lines Solution


    This is what I call a ridiculous bug in compiz that causes it. The solution/To fix it just install "compizconfig-settings-manager" Open it up and Navigate to General Options -> Display Settings Set the "Refresh Rate" to the current refresh rate of your monitor. For ATI cards with slow window dragging/response supposedly disabling "Sync to VBlank" fixes that but otherwise leave it as is.........
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    Stuff like this always happens/breaks after a vzctl update, whether it's new parameters being added or required etc.. File /etc/vz/conf/ve-vps.basic.conf-sample not found: No such file or directory Fix the value of CONFIGFILE in /etc/vz/vz.conf Creation of container private area failed Warning: distribution not specified in CT config, using defaults from /etc/vz/dists/default WARNING: /etc/vz/conf/4400.conf not found: No such file or directory........
  • Ubuntu 10 Nvidia Drivers Not Updated After Kernel Update Solution/How-To Manually Rebuild nvidia kernel modules for Ubuntu


    I dread updating the kernel and rebooting to find the Ubuntu graphics aren't working and you have to manually intervene. This is usually because Ubuntu for whatever reason didn't update the drivers you need (eg. the manually compiled Nvidia Kernel driver that MUST be recompiled for each and every kernel update unfortunately). The most common reason may be that "linux-source" hasn't been installed automatically on my system. I tried to manually reinstall the........
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    I really am a Linux fan but my comments here may not show it. Although I'm quite familiar with Linux CLI to administer servers, I find Linux GUI OS's like Ubuntu at times very clunky. This is partially because there's no such thing as a "self-made" Linux from scratch where the UIwas designed by a single team. Linux is made up of several different projects that are generally completely separate and this lack of integratiion is a key issue that makes things f........
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    This is the mail system at host mail.postmail.com. I'm sorry to have to inform you that your message could not be delivered to one or more recipients. It's attached below. For further assistance, please send mail to If you do so, please include this problem report. You can delete your own text from the attached returned message. &........
  • Drupal/MySQL database error: PDOException: SQLSTATE[42000] [1044] Access denied for user 'db_user'@'localhost' to database 'dbname' in lock_may_be_available() (line 167 of /home/user/public_html/includes/lock.inc).


    PDOException: SQLSTATE[42000] [1044] Access denied for user 'db_user'@'localhost' to database 'dbname' in lock_may_be_available() (line 167 of /home/user/public_html/includes/lock.inc). The username and password were correct but some reason CPanel added the user with no permissions! Edit the user's permissions to include "All" from Cpanel or MySQL and that is the solution.........
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    It really is as simple as: cdrecord -v dev=/dev/sr0 pathtoyourisoimage.iso -v is for verbose, I prefer it but if you don't you won't see as much output like below (I like to know the details and exactly what's happening) dev=/dev/sr0 specifies the device name of your burner (they say not to use it and to specify some weird annoying device string but using the raw /dev has always worked for me and is how it should have been implemented from the start IMHO)........
  • Ubuntu Suspend Solution Fix blank screen laptop/computer won't come back


    Even in new versions of Ubuntu this happens but for me I found out it was because of one feature under "Power Management". I had "Spindown hard disks when possible" ticked, after disabling that, my computer wakes up from suspension every time now. So if your computer won't unsuspend with any version of Ubuntu/*Nix try disabling the spin down hard disk option as it's obviously the culprit for many situations.........
  • iPhone Restore/Backup Location of Notes and Contact/Address Book


    *Make sure that the ownership is 501.501 or mobile.mobile when copying back (especially if using ssh or sftp as root on the iPhone) otherwise things will break. Eg. the contacts will be blank even after trying to update due to incorrect ownership/permissions. iPhone Notes Location/Restore: /private/var/mobile/Library/AddressBook AddressBookImages.sqlitedb AddressBook.sqlitedb Once you restore the contacts and restar........
  • Install Android SDK and start testing on Debian/Ubuntu: How To Guide/Tutorial


    Visit http://linux.softpedia.com/get/Programming/Interpreters/Android-32340.shtml Basically copy and paste all of that below and you'll have installed and started the Android SDK before you know it. wget http://dl.google.com/android/android-sdk_r12-linux_x86.tgz sudo apt-get install openjdk-6-jre openjdk-6-lib openjdk-6-jre-headless tar -xvf android-sdk_r12-linux_x86.tgz cd android-sdk-linux_x86/tools ./android........
  • gocr - free Linux OCR (Optical Character Recognition) conversion tool


    gocr works great and it's simple, just invoke it like so: gocr filename.png The output will be printed to the screen. My only complaint/concern is that even with standard terminal output (not scanned) from a printscreen, gocr does make mistakes by inserting extra spaces where they don't belong, mistaking letters for numbers etc.. but it's definitely enough to be readable and figure out what you're looking at. I haven't tested yet with scanned input........
  • MySQL Import CSV data tutorial guide


    It's actually fairly straight forward: load data local infile 'billpayments-payments.csv' into table payments fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"' lines terminated by 'n' The above assumes that your fields are terminated by a comma (some programs like OpenOffice change this to a semi-colon ;) and that they are enclosed with " The above will insert the data from billpayments-payments.csv into the table payments.........
  • scp not found - solution


    Some minimal installs of Centos may be missing the scp command, which is actually part of the "openssh-clients" package. scp not found yum install openssh-clients........
  • vi problem in Ubuntu/Debian distros when editing up,down,left,right arrow keys produce A,B,D,C respectively


    This is very annoying, the only known fix is to install vim apt-get install vim After that everything works as normal.........
  • sed print specific line from file using Linux/Bash


    It may be hard to find by Googling by it's really quite simple and quicker than reading dozens of man page entries. sed -n 5p somefile.txt Just replace the 5 with whatever line you want to be printed.........
  • wget download all files on page/directory automatically recursively


    Have you ever found a website/page that has several or perhaps dozens, hundreds or thousands of files that you need downloaded but don't have the time to manually do it? wget's recursive function called with -r does that, but also with some quirks to be warned about. If you're doing it from a standard web based directory structure, you will notice there is still a link to .. and wget will follow that. Eg. let's say you have files in http://serverip/documen........
  • samba/smbd connection to share problems and solutions


    I'll start by showing some problems in the logs: [2011/08/07 16:22:06, 0] param/loadparm.c:8569(process_usershare_file) process_usershare_file: stat of /var/lib/samba/usershares/movie failed. Permission denied [2011/08/07 16:22:06, 1] smbd/service.c:676(make_connection_snum) create_connection_server_info failed: NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED That means you don't have permission to access the fi........
  • rpmforge: [#### ] 471/10722Segmentation fault yum[18934]: segfault at 0000000000000000 rip 00002ade62153a30 rsp 00007fff76f9fe58 error 4


    A few days ago this happened on multiple Centos 5 servers and apparently anyone using rpmforge was affected by this error and there was no solution other than disabling that repo to fix it. To some this highlighted a few points, that there is a reason RHELexists with full paid support, and also that this could be a vulnerability and huge flaw with yum. A yum search or install should not segfault just because the rpmforge repo goes down. Fortunately it came back up........
  • IO/delay and high load when a SATA hard drive dies


    dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/null creates ever increasing load every second. After minutes the load has moved up to 4.79 I've tried with two different discs in my system. I wonder if it's a delay or problem with the SATA bus because one drive I have connected has recently failed. I notice when drives fail that you get some IO/blocking issue when they don't respond properly. Yes I believe it was, because here's the same disc after removing the dead........
  • ifup eth0 SIOCSIFFLAGS: Cannot allocate memory Failed to bring up eth0 Centos Network won't work after kernel update and reboot


    ifup eth0 SIOCSIFFLAGS: Cannot allocate memory Failed to bring up eth0 This is on a Centos 5.5 machine with OpenVZ kernel 2.6.18-238.12.1.el5.028stab091.1PAE, I updated 3 systems with the same hardware to the same kernel and for some reason the network didn't come back. This only happened once the first time I booted into the new kernel and hasn't happened again but this is a serious issue for those running systems from remote locations such as a datacente........
  • Did Rogers and other wireless block Mobile Twitter on government/police orders during the Canucks Stanely Cup Riot?


    I am watching the Canucks riot and a reporter said Twitter is down. My home connection on Shaw is fine, but when Iused my Rogers network over the cell, it says "Rate Limit Exceeded". I wonder if this is a transparent redirect by Rogers under police order? I noticed that the Telus network loaded Twitter just fine.........
  • How to view UDP and other protocol connections?


    netstat is weak and can't show udp connections and most other protocols, use "ss" which is what netstat should have been: The "-u" switch stands for udp, here's a list of other options: Usage: ss [ OPTIONS ] ss [ OPTIONS ] [ FILTER ] -h, --help this message -V, --version output ver........
  • Linux Out of Memory OOM Object Killer Solution "Out of memory: kill process 1955 (sshd) score 81 or a child"


    I had a system running a 128MB live CD image with 2.8 gigs of available RAM and the OOM kernel killer went crazy when using dd for more than 8 minutes and kept killing everything. I've read that this is due to a low-memory issue and paging in the kernel and 32-bit systems with lots of RAM. I even enabled swapspace on my LiveCD and the issue happened 25 minutes into dd rather than 8 minutes, so what gives? Also no swap space was ever used! cat /proc/s........
  • How To Test If Your Hard Drive Is Good/Signs of dying hard drive


    I like dd, although it only reads it, usually a read test of the entire disk will uncover if your hard drive is bad in some parts. This is a good thing to do at least once a month, a lot of times bizarre program behavior, laginess and crashing/unnmounting problems etc.. are due to a failing disc and SMART won't know it or indicate a problem: We must also remember there's never a guarantee, I've found that ever since we moved to larger and more platters per drive with 1TB drives........
  • smart is not smart, it thinks a dead drive is still good


    I had a dying drive that smart thought until it totally disappeared was a good drive, and actually all parameters did look fine but this system was causing my system to lockup and other bad behavior: === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Device Model: WDC WD20EARS-00MVWB0 Serial Number: WD-WMAZ20139 Firmware Version: 50.0AB50 User Capacity: 2,000,398,934,016 bytes Device........
  • Openvz CPT ERR: cc4c0800,28000 :Unknown image version: 304. Can't restore.


    CPT ERR: cc4c0800,28000 :Unknown image version: 304. Can't restore. This happens when you live migrate between OpenVZ servers with different kernels running, at least significantly different by date. There is no solution except to make sure you're running the same kernels on all machines, or at least not kernels that are much older or different (this is just a guess though, you should ensure all kernels are the same).........
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    It's weird because I have a nearly identical box and setup and I can update the ovzkernel-PAE* just fine but on this box it doesn't work. I only get this error with the openvz.repo and not others such as Centos-Base.repo With my other server it works normally: ================ Setting up Update Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package ovzkernel-PAE.i686 0:2.6.18-238.12.1.el5.0........
  • GRUB Solution to error "Error 6: Mismatched or corrupt version of stage1/stage2"


    GNU GRUB version 0.97 (640K lower / 3072K upper memory) [ Minimal BASH-like line editing is supported. For the first word, TAB lists possible command completions. Anywhere else TAB lists the possible completions of a device/filename.] grub> root (hd1,0) Filesystem type is ext2fs, partition type 0xfd grub> setup........
  • Hitachi 2TB HDS5C3020ALA632 drive DOA


    I had one of these shipped and it was not recognized when plugged in, here's what a dead drive looks like (I assume it's teh circuit board which is dead): ata1: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0) ata1: softreset failed (device not ready) ata1: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300) ata1: link online but device misclassified, retrying ata1: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0) ata1: softreset f........
  • How to recover from dead DRBD partition/hard drive in two simple commands


    This assumes that you've at least created the correct partition for your DRBD already. Notice that I am "diskless", that's because either your DRBD partition doesn't exist/has been renamed (eg. sdb becomes sda when sdb dies and you reboot) or because that drive is really actually dead/gone. *If you need to permanently change the partition/device for your resource be sure to edit /etc/drbd.conf on both hosts and reload the config. (replace r0 with........
  • Kernel/make compilation time and how to improve compile times/compile the Linux kernel faster without hardware upgrades


    I thought only a faster CPUand SSDwould help but I already have a Quad-Core CPU and it wasn't being maxed out. The actual tests were performed on an AMD-V enabled 128MB dual core VMWare container though. There is a flag that can be passed to make in order to start multiple threads, by specifying 4 threads I was able to reduce the whole kernel compilation time from scratch by about 50%! (65minutes vs 31minutes!). *Yes I did do a make clean before each co........
  • List of Free Public DNS Servers IP Addresses


    One thing to note about DNS servers and providers is that they aren't always trustworthy, not even if they're Google or your favorite ISP. Any DNS server can compromise your privacy, and they are likely tracking your browsing habits and keeping logs of it. Sometimes it's for Marketing/Research purposes such as Google's GMail service which they admit is scraped/datamined. I would expect nothing less from their DNS service. The other danger with such widely used and pu........
  • Linux how to use find recursively to find certain types of files/extensions


    Normally if you're in a certain directory you could do: find *.txt and it will work as expected, but it won't work recursively through child directories, here's the correct way to do it: find . -type f -name *.txt The "-type f" is optional because that means only files, but we could have specified d for directory etc... The above command will work recursively as you'd expect. In that way I find "find" to be un........
  • Virtualbox Guest Hang/Freeze Ghost Zombie VM Machine Problem/Solution


    Virtualbox hang problem A VM just froze and wouldn't close so I had to force it, but the VBox GUI thinks it's running even when I close it. I manually killed the related process by doing ps aux|grep VirtualBox and found the PID 6191 I killed it with "kill -kill 6191" but it remains open and as "defunct" so I can't restart it because the GUI freezes when I click on it because it thinks it is running still........
  • Apache High CPU Usage Enable Mod_Status Guide Solution - Find Cause of High CPU Usage Script/Domain


    mod_status is a great way to track down the source of high CPU usage and to find what vhost/script is the cause of it. It gives you a live view of bandwith usage, CPU usage, and memory usage broken down by domain/vhost and script/URI. Enable mod_status vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf ExtendedStatus On SetHandler server-status Order Deny,Allow Deny from all All........
  • vnstat setup guide/tutorial


    yum -y install vnstat chown nobody.nobody -R /var/lib/vnstat/ #replace venet0 below with your desired interface sudo -u nobody vnstat -u -i venet0 #edit: vi /etc/sysconfig/vnstat #VNSTAT_OPTIONS="-i venet0" # only use the sed below if you are using venet0 instead of eth0 or replace accordingly sed -i 's/eth0/venet0/g' /etc/sysconfig/vnstat [root@monitor]# yum install vn........
  • PayPal Solution - Error Detected Error Message We were unable to decrypt the certificate id. We were unable to decrypt the certificate id.


    Error Detected........
  • iPhone 3G/3GS/4 Undelete Photos/Videos Datarecovery


    I found this technique listed in many places which shows you how to use a common Linux tool "dd" to dump the raw partition of your iPhone. I give credit to this site for showing me the correct way to dd from the iPhone, I never thought to try it in the other direction:http://log.ijulien.com/post/182804914/iphone-3gs-data-recovery Requirements 1.) Jailbreak your........
  • Upgade VBOX/Virtualbox 3.2 to 4.0 in Linux


    I was afraid to remove the virtualbox 3.2 package in Ubuntu because I didn't know if it might remove the .virtualbox folder which contains all of my VM data. I have a backup soI did remove the package and found everything was intact, so I installed and upgrade to VBOX 4.0 which seems to be a huge improvement, especially in UI performance.........
  • encrypt bash scripts to hide source code


    http://www.datsi.fi.upm.es/~frosal/ SHC is a program written by the author above that does just that, it's a great little tool to have. Some have said it isn't exactly encrypting the code but just making it hard to read by obfuscating the code. There was also a good discussion about that here:........
  • phpMyAdmin - Error Cannot start session without errors, please check errors given in your PHP and/or webserver log file and configure your PHP installation properly.


    The fix for this was setting the correct permissions in /var/lib/php, it needs to be "root.root" And /var/lib/php/session needs to be "root.apache" to work properly. After that I was able to login to phpMyAdmin as normal. This whole thing happened because I accidentally changed all of /var/lib to root.root.........
  • Are my WDEARS20 Drives dying already?


    This happened during a RAID array check: SMART says both drives pass the test, but I'm doing a long test on them and hopefully this is not a hardware error. Apr 3 04:22:01 remote kernel: md: syncing RAID array md2 Apr 3 04:22:01 remote kernel: md: minimum _guaranteed_ reconstruction speed: 1000 KB/sec/disc. Apr 3 04:22:01 remote kernel: md: using maximum available idle IO bandwidth (but not more than 200000 KB/sec) for reconstruction. Apr........
  • MYSQL Error Can't find file: './wf/Sessions.frm' (errno: 13) Solution


    mysql errors even though these files do exist: 110405 13:21:37 InnoDB: Operating system error number 13 in a file operation. InnoDB: The error means mysqld does not have the access rights to InnoDB: the directory. InnoDB: File name ./ibdata1 InnoDB: File operation call: 'open'. InnoDB: Cannot continue operation. 110405 13:26:15 InnoDB: Operating system error number 13 in a file operation. InnoDB: The error means my........
  • Dying Samsung DVDRW Drive


    My Samsung drive failed on me, at first I thought it was the enclosure but a direct SATA connection causes the same problems for discs that are inserted. It will work fine for a few minutes but then starts spewing the errors below. I've never been a fan of Korean made optical drives and have always had trouble with them. The problem is that I don't believe NEC and Lite-ON make drives anymore, and I considered them the leaders. Apr 7 11:58:48 bo........
  • monit example tutorial how to enable status checking and manipulation


    You need to enable the httpd daemon with monit to actually view the status and control, it's not only for the web interface since the httpd is theONLY way of controlling monit and viewing the status. monit monitor all will also reinstate disabled services if they've timed out too much. Just restarting the service will do nothing to re-monitor a service that monit has stopped monitoring due to too many failures. *Also note that /etc/monit.conf i........
  • diff: memory exhausted


    I don't have a solution other than to use rsync, I used diff on about 1.7TB of data which includes hundreds of thousands if not millions of small files to ensure nothing was missing or corrupt. diff didn't even get past the first large directory without spitting that error out. Keep in mind I used "diff -r" because that means recursive, otherwise it wouldn't compare all files and subdirectories and would be a false way of doing it.........
  • 2011 Best Laptop - HP 15.6" Laptop featuring AMD Athlon II P340 Processor (G62-420CA)


    My mother needed a new laptop and I recommended her the same one I would have bought myself or my wife, that means the cheapest possible laptop with the most features for the money. This HP shines at this price point and one thing that made me stay away from buying more and recommending HP/Compaq was the poor battery life. Not anymore, this model has an industry leading up to 4 hours of battery life. Key Factors for Choosing It: HDMI Out........
  • pgina can't login after installing


    After Installing pgina I couldn't login to Windows anymore with my blank password Administrator account! An unknown error has prevented your account from being created.nrThis may be due to policy or security settings as well as other machine configuration.nrPlease consult your administrator. Hit F8 to start Windows in Safe Mode and you can login normally and then remove PGina, it shouldn't cause this problem or behavior out of the box.........
  • Convert PDF to JPG/JPEG without low resolution/small picture size


    convert -density 400 somepdf.pdf -scale 2000x1000 output.jpg The key is the "-density 400" switch and also -scale 2000x1000 To give credit I found the solution here: http://www.imagemagick.org/discourse-server/viewtopic.php?f=1&t=10928 That was the perfect solution when I was frustrated with how small the resulting JPG's resulted. I'm sure this will help a lot of people when it comes time to converting a PDF to JPG which I'm amazed Imag........
  • Drupal 6.2 Install and how to move install to root/non-subdirectory


    drup 6.2 install $cd drupgoodinst3883/ [ drupgoodinst3883]$ ls CHANGELOG.txt cron.php index.php INSTALL.pgsql.txt INSTALL.txt MAINTAINERS.txt modules robots.txt sites update.php xmlrpc.php COPYRIGHT.txt includes INSTALL.mysql.txt install.php LICENSE.txt misc&........
  • Yahoo Mail (email) DNS Server Out Of Date Problems


    I don't expect this to be solved soon but some of Yahoo's DNS servers are out of whack. I changed the IPs of some nameservers of some domains and now most Yahoo users can't e-mail to those domains! As you can see below by the "No MX or A records for mychangedomain.com", now Yahoo's DNS/mailserver DNS cache is wrong. You would think they would at least have cached the old incorrect records, but instead for some reason their DNS cache has no entry and doesn't seem........
  • Linux High IOWAIT updatedb can't be killed and crash with mdadm


    high IO wait 424 root 39 19 1900 848 552 D 0.0 0.0 0:00.91 updatedb root 424 0.0 0.0 1900 848 ? DN Mar11 0:00 /usr/bin/updatedb -f sysfs?rootfs?bdev?proc?cpuset?binfmt_misc?debugfs?sockfs?usbfs?pipefs?anon_inodefs?futexfs?tmpfs?inotifyfs?eventp........
  • Santrex Review Scam Complaint - Stole My Money Fraud


    Santrex Review/Scam/Complaint Santrex never provided any working server, I believe it was just a dummy management Solus server because the server said it was booted but never connected to the console. I complained to them and eventually the support admitted the server was not working and to wait for 24 hours. I waited for 4-days, after which they sent an e-mail saying my service was being disabled for SPAM ...(when SolusVM shows 0kb of traffic). Th........
  • Virpus Review/Scam/Complaint


    Virpus Review/Scam/Complaint Virpus is advertised on LEB (lowendbox.com). My initial payment was refunded after days of not receiving the VPS, but two subscrption payments went through and Ionly received notification after the second one. They ignored the requests in the ticket and by e-mail for a refund and even escalated the PayPal dispute that "we're assuming this is for a service that was provided" (when they obviously know otherwise by........
  • Virtualbox - Failed to open a session for the virtual machine XP. AMD-V is being used by another hypervisor. (VERR_SVM_IN_USE). - Solution


    Failed to open a session for the virtual machine XP. AMD-V is being used by another hypervisor. (VERR_SVM_IN_USE). VirtualBox can't enable the AMD-V extension. Please disable the KVM kernel extension, recompile your kernel and reboot (VERR_SVM_IN_USE) Solution - Unload KVM module (you can't use two hardware virtualization suites at once) sudo rmmod kvm_amd kvm........
  • Apache MPM worker vs prefork


    find what MPM Apache is using, it will either be using "worker" or "prefork" apachectl -l Compiled in modules: core.c prefork.c http_core.c mod_so.c In my case it is "prefork" vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf Find the section that looks like this (by default one will normally exist for prefork and for worker, but in my case I only care a........
  • SPAMASSASSIN Enable Pyzor and DCC


    *Remember to restart spamassassin after all of this. DCC wget http://www.dcc-servers.net/dcc/source/dcc.tar.Z tar -zxvf dcc.tar.Z cd dcc-1.3.138/ ./configure;make;make install #enable DCC, uncomment the line that disables it near the top vi /etc/mail/spamassassin/v310.pre pyzor wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/pyzor/files/pyzor/0.5.0/pyzor-0.5.0.tar.gz/down........
  • Linux - mptbase/MPT Fusion LSI Logic Error mptbase: ioc0: ERROR - didn't initialize properly! (-1)


    kernel 2.6.27.54 Fusion MPT base driver 3.04.07 Copyright (c) 1999-2008 LSI Corporation Fusion MPT SPI Host driver 3.04.07 mptbase: ioc0: Initiating bringup mptbase: ioc0: WARNING - Unexpected doorbell active! mptbase: ioc0: ERROR - Doorbell ACK timeout (count=4999), IntStatus=80000001! mptbase: ioc0: ERROR - Diagnostic reset FAILED! (102h) mptbase: ioc0: WARNING - NOT READY! mptbase: ioc0: ERROR - didn't initialize proper........
  • VPS Server Scam/Review/Complaint List


    These are the only two I've encountered but here is the low-end and note my story is not at all unique. In my case I was scammed out of money and did not receive any service at all from either company. Santrex Review/Scam/Complaint Santrex never provided any working server, I believe it was just a dummy management Solus server because the server said it was booted but never connected to the console. I complained to them and eventually the support adm........
  • Enable SPAMASSASSIN on Postfix in 5 minutes


    Centos 5 Postfix and SPAMASSASSIN Tutorial yum install spamassassin chkconfig spamassassin on vi /etc/mail/spamassassin/local.cf ############## #required_hits 5 #report_safe 0 #rewrite_header Subject [SPAM] #5 is the least restrictive (means only the most obvious SPAM is caught. 0 is obviously the most restrictive/sensitive and would have lots of false positives require........
  • VOIP/Asterisk/FAX Error Problems Solution NOTICE[11389]: rtp.c:1808 ast_rtp_read: Unknown RTP codec 100 received from


    NOTICE[11389]: rtp.c:1808 ast_rtp_read: Unknown RTP codec 100 received from I've found that trying several times may work, but I also read changing your Sipura VOIP adapter settings as follows helps (but it still fails for me sometimes): In adapter change the following under SIP/Advanced Codec to G711a from G711u Passthru Method from: NSE to ReINVITE FAX CED Detect Enable: Yes FAX CNG Detect........
  • SPAMASSASSIN Disable OpenWhois RBL (it is dead/defunct/no longer active):


    SPAMASSASSIN Disable OpenWhois RBL (it is dead/defunct/no longer active): You might see this in your headers 2.4 DNS_FROM_OPENWHOIS RBL: Envelope sender listed in bl.open-whois.org comment out this inside /usr/share/spamassassin/72_active.cf ##{ DNS_FROM_OPENWHOIS ifplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::DNSEval header DNS_FROM_OPENWHOIS eva........
  • Directadmin DA Install Guide


    yum -y install openssl* gcc-c++ gcc flex g++ make;wget http://www.directadmin.com/setup.sh;chmod +x ./setup.sh;./setup.sh #enable SSL /usr/bin/openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:1024 -keyout /usr/local/directadmin/conf/cakey.pem -out /usr/local/directadmin/conf/cacert.pem -days 9999 -nodes chown diradmin:diradmin /usr/local/directadmin/conf/cakey.pem chmod 400 /usr/local/directadmin/conf/cakey.pem sed -i "s/SSL=0/SSL=1/g" /usr/local/dire........
  • ls: error while loading shared libraries: libtermcap.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory solution


    ls ls: error while loading shared libraries: libtermcap.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory This is not an ldd problem or case of anything missing, this only happened after I upradedUbuntu. declare -x PATH="/home/user/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/games" "/home/user/bin" is the problem! It's weird because I have no idea how it happened.........
  • Convert doc images/jpg/jpeg to PDF


    Use "ImageMagick" which can be installed easily on most UNIX/Linux distros. Remember that it will go with the standard file listing to determine the order but I believe you can manually specify multiple jpg's in the arguments. Convert image/jpg to PDF convert *.jpg yourpdf.pdf This is a very handy and free tool. Convert DOC/TXT documents to PDF If you wanted to convert a .doc file or text........
  • Plesk Get List of E-mail Users & Aliases


    When migrating away from Plesk I couldn't figure out an easy way to get a straight list of all e-mails, but here is where I found the solution: http://nakuls77.wordpress.com/2008/08/30/details-of-email-ftp-database-users-from-psa-database/ mysql> SELECT mail.mail_name, accounts.password, domains.name FROM mail, accounts, domains WHERE domains.id=mail.dom_id AND mail.account_id=accounts.id; mysql> SELECT CONCAT(mail.mail_name,’@’,domains.name) AS Em........
  • Amarok won't play songs, keeps skipping to the next


    Amarok won't play songs, keeps skipping to the next Some say install install phonon-backend-xine but it was already installed automatically, obviously that's not the problem or solution. Settings -> Configure Amarok Playback: Configure Phonon Audio Output: Music It should show your different audio interfaces, choose Pulse Audio and move it to the top of the list, do the Apply, OK and manually quit Amarok (remember to close it from the tra........
  • OpenOffice Calc SUM function not working Solution - Result is always 0/apostrophe appears in front of all numbers.


    I right clicked all applicable cells and chose "number" but that's enough. I notice when I click the cell there is an invisible ' in front of the number: '33.64 Calc imported my CSV and decided to add a ' in front of the numeric currency values!!!*Actually the problem occurs when you right click the cells and change the type from text to number, no matter what format you choose. If I change it to be currency i........
  • Thunderbird copy filters to other accounts


    cp msgFilterRules.dat /other/mail/folder edit msgFilterRules.dat change all instances of your old mailbox: actionValue="mailbox://joes@mail.server.com/name" to: actionValue="imap://joes%40server.com@mail.server.com/INBOX" sed s/'actionValue="mailbox:joes@mail.server.com'/imap://joes%40server.com@mail.server.com/g msgFilterRules.dat-........
  • Thunderbird/MBOX to IMAP/Maildir migration done easy with mb2md


    Convert MBOX Mail files into Maildir using Linux *You need perl an the TimeDate module Get the free Perl script mb2md from the project/author's site: wget http://batleth.sapienti-sat.org/projects/mb2md/mb2md-3.20.pl.gz gunzip mb2md-3.20.pl.gz #remember you need timedate or you'll get this error: ./mb2md-3.20.pl Can't locate........
  • MySQL NEVER delete ib_logfile0 or ibdata1 or you'll lose data


    don't delete /var/lib/mysql/ib_logfile0 or ibdata1 or mysql won't restart I didn't realize they were internal and not part of replication like the relay files! /usr/libexec/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '4.1.22-log' socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' port: 3306 Source distribution 110127 16:31:00 [Note] /usr/libexec/mysqld: Normal shutdown 110127 16:31:00 InnoDB: Starting shutdown...........
  • Postfix/Any Email Server check for Open Relay


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  • mdadm/md-check how to check array integrity without rebuilding


    This doesn't seem to be widely known (maybe it's in some documentation that none of us read though)but there's an easy way to check the integrity of any mdadm array: sudo echo check > /sys/block/md0/md/sync_action -bash: /sys/block/md0/md/sync_action: Permission denied sudo will never work, this only works as root since echo is not actually a binary/command. It is built-into bash. /sys/devices/virtu........
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    Install the "Editors" and "Net" groups that will give you rsync, ssh, ssh-keygen and cron. The trickiest thing that I keep forgetting about each time is you have to run "cron-config" which adds the cron service to Windows, and without doing that obviously no cron jobs will be run thus making automatic backups impossible. Warning about rsync/cygwin and using the -a archive switch. It's a good thing I caught this because it doesn't work ri........
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    Refusing to automatically import keys when running unattended. Use "-y" to override. When using echo y|yum install gcc Fix with rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY*........
  • mdadm RAID 1 adventures


    I separated the 2 drives in the RAID 1 array. 1 is the old one /dev/sda and is out of date, while the separated other one /dev/sdc was in another drive and mounted and used with more data (updated). I wonder how mdadm will handle this: usb-storage: device scan complete md: md127 stopped. md: bind md: md127: raid array is not clean -- starting background reconstruction raid1: raid set md127 active with 1 out of 2 m........
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  • mdadm won't boot due to fsck error


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  • Ubuntu 10.04/GRUB2 mdadm won't boot


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  • Nautilus/GNOME/Ubuntu File Manager not applying appearance style/changes


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    This really gives me a bad impression of SolusVM. I tried the "Central Backup" option and it does not warn that your server gets shutdown instantly in order to do the backup! Further, there is no way to pause or cancel the backup. Thankfully this is a test/small disk usage VPS but what if someone was running something production with a large filesize? Ihaven't used QuickBackup but hope that isn't the same thing. Everyone should be vary car........
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    Check the value of your ethernet_dev=venet0:0 setting in your /usr/local/directadmin/conf/directadmin.conf file and the output of /sbin/ifco


    2010:09:09-22:22:11: The ip of this machine (xx.xx.xx.xx) does not match the ip in the license file. Check the value of your ethernet_dev=venet0:0 setting in your /usr/local/directadmin/conf/directadmin.conf file and the output of /sbin/ifconfig Solution /usr/local/directadmin/scripts/getLicense.sh........
  • Direcatdmin Install AWStats


    cd /usr/local/directadmin/scripts/ scripts]# ./awstats.sh --23:49:28-- http://files.directadmin.com/services/all/awstats/awstats-6.9.tar.gz Resolving files.directadmin.com... 72.35.85.222 Connecting to files.directadmin.com|72.35.85.222|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 1125906 (1.1M) [application/x-gzip] Saving to: `/usr/local/directadmin/scripts/packages/awstats-6.9.tar.gz' 100%[=........
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    cd /etc/yum.repos.d wget http://download.openvz.org/openvz.repo rpm --import http://download.openvz.org/RPM-GPG-Key-OpenVZ yum install ovz-kernel-PAE Now remember to set /etc/sysctl.conf to "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" You can apply the change immediately by running sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 but remember that you still have to set sysctl.conf sysctl -p will load and apply any changes to s........
  • DRBD WFConnection Problem/Solution


    This has stumped me a few times because I keep forgetting that Centos 5.5 comes with a default iptables configuration that ends up blocking DRBD traffic,I tried all the normal things and couldn't understand why I couldn't make my normal DRBD config work. So if you have WFConnection problems and have tried the normal "mailing list" fixes, check your firewall status first! Both Nodes Say the Following: version: 8.3.8 (api:88/prot........
  • mdadm Linux Software RAID QuickStart Guide


    Create New RAID 1 Array: First setup your partitions (make sure they are exactly the same size) In my example I have sda3 and sdb3 which are 500GB in size. mdadm --create /dev/md2 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sda3 /dev/sdb3 mdadm: array /dev/md2 started. Check Status Of The Array *Note I already have other arrays md0 and md1. You can see below that md2 is syn........
  • HeartBeat Error/High Load heartbeat: [7120]: WARN: Gmain_timeout_dispatch: Dispatch function for retransmit request took too long to execute: 20 ms (> 10 ms) (GSource: 0x926b390)


    My LOG is flooded with those messages many times per second. I don't know what is wrong with heartbeat, but restarting the service fixed it.........
  • VirtualBox Error Failed to start the virtual machine Centos 5.5 Mirror. Medium '/home/testuser/.VirtualBox/HardDisks/Centos 5.5 Mirror.vdi' is not accessible. UUID {a1a9fad7-0402-4867-b8f3-39fb49454bc5} of the medium '/home/testuser/.VirtualBox/HardD


    Virtualbox Error I tried to copy a .vdi of one container to use in another one, basically to clone instead of having to install the OS again. Failed to start the virtual machine Centos 5.5 Mirror. Medium '/home/testuser/.VirtualBox/HardDisks/Centos 5.5 Mirror.vdi' is not accessible. UUID {a1a9fad7-0402-4867-b8f3-39fb49454bc5} of the medium '/home/testuser/.VirtualBox/HardDisks/Centos 5.5 Mirror.vdi' does not match the value {4945a0e8-0ed5-4736-9088-bcaf........
  • Installing Virtualbox on Centos 5.5


    wget http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/3.2.8/VirtualBox-3.2-3.2.8_64453_rhel5-1.i386.rpm rpm -i http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/3.2.8/VirtualBox-3.2-3.2.8_64453_rhel5-1.i386.rpm error: Failed dependencies: libGLU.so.1 is needed by VirtualBox-3.2-3.2.8_64453_rhel5-1.i386 libSDL-1.2.so.0 is needed by VirtualBox-3.2-3.2.8_64453_rhel5-1.i386 libXmu.so.6 is needed b........
  • DirectAdmin Install Webalizer Stats


    I can't believe it comes without any sort of stats built-in and they don't make it easy to find out how to integrate it. I downloaded the following: wget -O /usr/bin/webalizer http://files.directadmin.com/services/es_5.3/webalizer chmod 755 /usr/bin/webalizer echo "action=tally&value=all" >> /usr/local/directadmin/data/task.queue........
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    error while loading shared libraries: libgd.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory Solution Install gd: yum install gd After that whatever you are compliing should be happy.........
  • Linux Kernel Freeze/Hang during boot on io scheduler cfq registered (default)


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  • Seagate Drive 500GB Drive Dying


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  • CREATE Database/Granting Privileges


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  • Centos 4.3 x64 & VMWare Server Beta


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  • [error] server reached MaxClients setting, consider raising the MaxClients setting - Apache


    Have you ever seen this dreaded message in your Apache/HTTPD /var/log/httpd/error_log? [error] server reached MaxClients setting, consider raising the MaxClients setting The error itself is slightly misleading. Ibelieve this happened to one of my servers, I found Apache was running still, and that you could telnet to port 80 but no respnose would be given. For some reason my error log initially did not have the above error, but after a restart I saw........
  • sudo: Error dropping capabilities, aborting in Linux Centos 5.3


    For some reason Ikeep getting this error when trying to run a sudo command eg: sudo -u someuser somecommand sudo: Error dropping capabilities, aborting My version of sudo is:sudo-1.6.9p17-3.el5_3.1 and I've heard that version 1.7 fixes everything. The only thing is yum does not think sudo has any update. Iguess the new version has not been committed to the RPM repository yet. This is really a huge and ann........
  • Have an OpenVZ VPS/Linux Virtual Private Server and nothing works right?


    A VPS Server I had just wasn't working right, code that I migrated there just wasn't working. For example, it kept telling me the connection to the database was unsuccessful, halfway through iterating through results it already had. Then I realized it wasn't my code. Ichecked my /proc/user_beancounters and found this: cat /proc/user_beancounters Version: 2.5 uid resource held maxheld barrier limit failcnt........
  • Linux How to Search for text within any file using Linux/Unix - Use GREP


    It's actually very simple and "grep" makes it as easy as possible. I'll outline a few common scenarios and provide some examples. Say you want to search ALLfiles within the current directory (and inside/deeper) for the text "phpinfo()" grep -R "phpinfo()" * If you want to search only certain files such as only .txt you would do this instead: grep -R "phpinfo()" *.txt As you ca........
  • MySQL Restoring And Dumping/Backing UP MySQL Data/Tables/Databases


    Backing MySQL Databases Backing Up/Dumping All Mysql Databases To A Single File mysqldump --all-databases -u admin -p > allmysqldatabases.sql The "-all-databases" clause is pretty obvious isn't it? It means that it will backup all databases. The "-u admin" means login using the user "admin", if you h........
  • OpenVZ/Virtuozzo Enable Fuse in Container


    To enable Fuse to work inside a OpenVZ container it's very simple (although some people say it can't be done). Remember that on your HN(HostNode) for OpenVZ, Fuse must be installed and the module must be loaded for this to work. In addition remember that you need the Fuse package installed inside the container of course. vzctl set 2000 --devices c:10:229:rw --save vzctl exec 2000 mknod /dev/fuse c 10 229 The part that most people forget........
  • iPhone Create Silent/Free Custom Ringtone jailbroken/jailbreak iPhone


    As shown below you can find ringtones in the "/private/var/stash/Ringones*" directory of your iPhone. Different reports have said that the .m4r format is really an MP4 file and some have said AAC and some also say "it's the same as the M4A" format. Whatever the case is, one easy way is to install the silent theme from Cydia and copy that into your ringtones directory. /private/var/stash/Ringtones.sh7cLj root# ls Alarm.m4r ........
  • Fake PR Pagerank Identification - How do you know/check/verify the real PR(Pagerank)?


    Here is an example that I recently found, most PR checkers will say this domain is PR8 or will say "cannot analyze PR". The example is domain "bonserotica.com" view Google's cache of the homepage and you'll see as in the picture below, it lists a different URL, which means they used a redirect to a high PR site to fool you and the PR checkers.........
  • Unlocked iPhone 3GS and firwmare 3.0 battery short low life horrible


    This is pretty bad, ever since my phone has been unlocked the battery life is horrible. Many others have reported this issue on provider unlocked phones and even jail broken phones. We're talking issues as bad as losing 1% every 3 minutes which is what I seem to have observed as well. For now I'm going to relock the phone, and hopefully a firmware update will address this issue. This is very annoying and it seems apparent this is also happening on 3G phones and that........
  • iPhone Complaint Lock/Standby Disrupts WiFi and uses 3G instead


    Has Apple tried to give a golden egg to the cell phone companies? Has anyone noticed that if you set your lock time to x minutes, the phone doesn't just lock, it goes into standby. When it does this, any WiFi connection you have gets dropped and all push/data functions such as e-mail checking are done through the 3G network. There is no way to change this feature and functionality and it's very annoying, especially if you are downloading something or loading files over the........
  • Why Apple should thank the jailbreakers and not patch/stop the jailbreaking exploits


    First of all, the iPhone is crippled in many ways, but most of my complaints about functionality have been addressed through the jailbreak, Ican run apps in the background of my choosing, I can install a terminal, acccess my phone through SSH and SCP and so much more. It even addresses the 15 minute e-mail problem, I installed a program called "PushMod" and now set the checking time to just 1 minute. Apple should really thank the developers for this gift, it ma........
  • How to unlock your iPhone 3G/3GS


    First of all you need to be jailbroken, but this is not covered here. Go into Cydia and click "Manage Sources" then "Edit"and add: repo666.ultrasn0w.com Then search for "ultrasn0w" as a package and install it, that's all there is to it, your iPhone is finally unlocked so when you travel abroad you can avoid ridiculous roaming charges, or you can switch providers and use any SIMcard you like. You'd really thi........
  • iPhone Backgrounder Adds True and Real iPhone multitasking on jailbroken phones


    Apple crippled the iPhone by not allowing multi-tasking of the non-primary apps. I use SSH a lot and I don't want to close my session just to check my e-mail, etc, now an app found in Cydia called "Backgrounder" allows just that. Although it's not perfect, we installed the correct one for "3.x" iPhones and hit "Reload SpringBoard" and the hour/circle glass has just been going for minutes. It seems like it installed fine even with the crash t........
  • iPhone/iTunes sync error "0xE8008001"


    This happened during a sync of my iPhone while installing some apps. This usually happens to non-jailbroken iPhones who are trying to install non-Apple approved software OR jailbroken phones who haven't done the "Sync update". How to fix this error and get the Sync Update Open Cydia - Manage - Sources - Edit Add this source: http://cydia.hackulo.us Then under the section "Hackulo.us" install "Ap........
  • iPhone 3GS Jailbreak Information & Benefits


    Truly, the only way to unleash the capabilities and customization abilities of iPhone are to jailbreak, it's not just for hackers anymore. A few days ago someone by the named of "geohot" released a single click application called "purplera1n", which does the entire operation smoothly and seamlessly. In our case, the first time it went as far as "done, wait for reboot" on our Windows machine and for minutes we waited and saw the pic on the iPhone w........
  • iPhone 3GS 32GB "Harsh Review"


    Yes, Iadmit I finally got bitten by the hype as much as I can usually see through it all. Keep in mind this review is of the "stock" phone, no jailbreaking yet which is what really unleashes the customizability and whyI bought iPhone. I had better things to say about this phone before buying it, and it is a great phone, perhaps the best on the market by far, if not because of the Mac OS port onto the iPhone and all the apps, etc, etc. With that said........
  • iPhone Safari Browser and TinyMCE Support


    This is unfortunate and frustrating as many sites use it, a lot of people are frustrated that TinyMCE does not work on the iPhone Safari browser. Apparently the developer of TinyMCE's answer is "talk to Apple about it" It's really frustrating although, I wonder if any other mobile phones are able to use TinyMCE or not, whatever the case is it would be nice to find a solution to use TinyMCE on the........
  • Weird characters in Linux putty shell


    Iused to get all kinds of weird annoying characters like "" during compilation with gcc especially. example: dmg2img.c:456: error: BZ_OK undeclared (first use in this function) dmg2img.c:471: warning: implicit declaration of function BZ2_bzCompressEnd dmg2img.c:482: warning: implicit declaration of function BZ2_bzDecompress dmg2img.c:484: error: BZ_PARAM_ERROR undecl........
  • Using a Mac OSX DMG Image in Windows and Converting to Standard ISO Format use dmg2iso


    The dmg format is silly and annoying to work with, why couldn't Apple stick with the .iso standard? Anyway, there's an excellent Linux and Windows based tool to convert it back to a normal .iso Image called dmg2iso I'll only cover theLinux version although the Windows pre-built binary works the same way. Download dmg2iso here for free (from the author's website) It's just silly and doesn't make sense that Ubuntu doe........
  • Apple iPhone 3GS and predecessors are leading a revolution


    As much of a computer nerd as Iam, I'm usually a late adopter to technology for a few reasons. Ifeel most new hyped technologies and electronics are mainly fads, and I'm also cheap. Adopting later means you avoid the bugs, kinks and most importantly pay the lowest price, that's me being cheap again :) I never read much about the iPhone but Isaw all the hype around it and until recently I wasn't a big fan of anything Apple until a few years ago I realize........
  • Nokia N97 review, feedback and complaints


    I've had an old Blackberry for a few years and I was ready to spend some serious cash on a nice Nokia. I love the idea of the Linux based Symbian S60 OS, so I was looking at phones like the E63, E71 (both are basically the same, at least CPU/screensize although E71 is thinner, has a 3MP camera, has GPS, and has dedicated buttons to adjust the volume). Then Iheard about the N97 and what a revolution it was supposed to be and it was even compared to iPhone. To........
  • RTL8111/8168B R8169 Gigabit Link slow speeds


    This is the Intel Atom 330 motherboard with integrated Realtek Gigabit NIC (Intel Desktop Board D945GCLF2 Motherboard W/ Atom 330 1.6 GHz Dual Core Processor - Mini-ITX) I cannot achieve more than 15 MB/s, even doing a local transfer through eth0 to it's own IP. 100% 95MB 15.9MB/s 00:06 So this is not a cabling, switch or hardware issue, it seems like a driver or chipset limitation problem. Here is my........
  • SSH Slow Login even with SSHD UseDNS no parameter


    Icouldn't understand why on one system it took a few minutes to get the SSHlogin prompt when connecting to other systems. The other systems all had the UseDNS parameter set to no, which almost always resolves the login prompt delay. The reason is Ubuntu and perhaps Debian and other distributions /etc/nsswitch.conf file Edit yours to have the "hosts" line like so (notice that files and dns are the primary resolution choice........
  • SSH Server Slow/Lagged/Delayed Login Response


    This is really something the SSHServer developers should consider. The cause of this annoyance is because of failed DNS lookups on your IPaddress, which is especially common for many dedicated/col-located servers and also computers on internal NAT/private networks. The chances are this is the cause of your SSHSlow/Delayed Login problems. The easy solution to SSH Login Problems Edit /etc/ssh/sshd_config Add this line to disable r........
  • OCFS2 crash


    When trying to even cd or ls the mounted OCFS2 partition it crashes. Ithink this is a combination of VMWare Server's problem and the way I mounted and symlinked to it. More than anything this shows the problem and lack of forsight with VMWare, but also that OCFS2 is easily crashed if you do strange things. Output of /var/log/messages for OCFS2 Apr 10 15:57:45 localhost kernel: [84331.691258] Modules linked in: vmnet vmci vmmon ocfs2_stac........
  • Samba SMB Error - Server not using user level security and no password supplied. tree connect failed: NT_STATUS_WRONG_PASSWORD


    Server not using user level security and no password supplied. tree connect failed: NT_STATUS_WRONG_PASSWORD That happens when trying to use smbclient to connect to a share. The weird thing is that I can authnenticate just fine from Windows XP. It is partially my mistake, I forgot this share does have a password. I've tried authenticating with the correct user and also with "Guest" because this works in Windows. In Linux I ........
  • Configuring OCFS2 Clustered File System on Debian Based Linux including Ubuntu and Kubuntu


    There's a lot of information and guides on OCFS2 for RHELand Centos Linux but the package setup and configuration is slightly different and this has thrown some people off. Installing OC2FS You should install the following packages to get started: apt-get install ocfs2-tools ocfs2console Configure OC2FS In RHEL/Centos the main configuration file is located in /etc/sysconfig/o2cb However in Debian based Linux it is located........
  • Viewing and Connecting to an SMB Samba Share on Windows/Linux/Unix


    This will give you the basic info needed to browse and connect to Samba shares from the command line. From the GUI of Gnome or KDE etc, it is pretty standard and straight forward. However, I've found very little guides on how to do it from the command line and if you're like me, a nerd who prefers command line for its simplicity and for remote use, this is the way to go. First get a list of all the Samba/SMB shares on the target. smbclient -L hostname........
  • Rackable Systems and their Microslice Clustered 1U Servers


    Ithink there has been a lot of negative press towards Rackable Systems. We will give their new solution credit that it is marketed very well, and comes prepackaged and ready to go. But let's cut through the hype of both sides, the people who love this concept and the people who hate it. What Rackable Systems have done is a first, to minimize space, power and costs into small servers. This is great, and many companies have already built their own servers based........
  • LAME MP3 Encoder Segmentation Faults


    This happened on one of my Ubuntu machines where Igot some kind of segfault on line 21 from LAME at random while encoding MP3s (a second try is fine usually). I've read that it's best to compile it from source and that has solved most issues for people. Here is my preferred configure line: ./configure --enable-mp3x --with-fileio=lame --enable-debug --with-vorbis Even with that I got a different error this tim........
  • BIND/NAMED woes


    Feb 5 01:39:33 server named[19768]: zone myzone.com/IN: serial number (12331465) received from master 127.0.0.2#53 < ours (200901281) The above is taken from /var/log/messages This can be annoying, it can happen for a variety of reasons. What seems to be happening here is that the slave realizes the time on the slave is ahead of the master, so it therefore assumes it has the most up to date copy and won't actually transfer the zone. The solutio........
  • ENOM Major Outage


    At this time we can't resolve Enom's website and all DNS requests to their 4 primary name servers are failing, although the hostnames themselves still resolve: Name Server: DNS1.NAME-SERVICES.COM Name Server: DNS2.NAME-SERVICES.COM Name Server: DNS3.NAME-SERVICES.COM Name Server: DNS4.NAME-SERVICES.COM Name Server: DNS5.NAME-SERVICES.COM You would really think Enom, bein........
  • Writing/Burning a data CD-R/DVD-R or DVD+RW in Unix/Linux


    There's a lot of outdated information and confusion for system administrator's out there. One annoying task for many an Administrator has been backing up data in Linux. You don't need any GUI tools such as K3B or GnomeBaker. Both are excellent tools but for veteran command line users working remotely, using the keyboard is a great and possibly automated way to save yourself pain and hassle. At a later date we'll cover how scripting can automatically backup certain........
  • Google sued by "SearchKing"


    http://searchenginewatch.com/2165111 This was an interesting article and people should be wary of Google's power. Google's policies and actions against competitors borders on anti-trust, far worse than Microsoft. They are doing the right thing for all of us, Google says selling advertising and links is bad for search engines, yet they don't penalize sites who use AdSense. ........
  • Comments About Networking Technology


    We've noticed in many ways that traditional networking even in WANs and LANs has changed very little. Years ago most networks were running on 100mbit and today most still are. Even the average internet connection is largely unchanged from several years ago with some minor exceptions from Europe and Asia.........
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